Chapter 4

Question 1

weight less than 3 1/2 pounds at birth (4 pounds lighter than average); indicates greater potential for health risks

Answer 1

very low birth weight

Question 2

born below the 10th percentile of birth weight for gestational age with no known factors that would explain the small size; indicates serious health risks–sometimes called small fo gestational age with IUGR

Answer 2

intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)

Question 3

deaths that occur between birth and 1 year of age

Answer 3

infant mortality

Question 4

specialized cells that process information and allow communication in the nervous system

Answer 4

neurons

Question 5

one form of neuron maturation in which dendrites and axons branch out to form an enormously large number of connections with neighboring neurons

Answer 5

synaptogenesis

Question 6

a form of neuron maturation in which the fatty insulation (myelin sheath) grows around the axons

Answer 6

myelination

Question 7

process by which many neurons die during periods of migration and heavy synaptogenesis

Answer 7

programmed cell death

Question 8

practice where infants and young children sleep with one or both parents

Answer 8

co-sleeping

Question 9

sudden death of an infant before 1 year of age that is not explained by autopsy, medical history, or investigation of the scene of death

Answer 9

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Question 10

a thick, yellowish substance in breast milk containing important antibodies

Answer 10

colostrum

Question 11

involuntary movements that are elicited by environmental stimuli

Answer 11

reflexes

Question 12

process of coordinating movements with the large muscles in the body

Answer 12

gross motor development

Question 13

process of coordinating intricate movements with smaller muscles

Answer 13

fine motor development