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Earth Science > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does weather mean?

A

the condition of the atmosphere as it is affected by temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, and water.

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2
Q

What does air mass?

A

a large body of air with consistent temperature and moisture content throughout.

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3
Q

What does wind mean?

A

the horizontal movement of air that occurs as a result of pressure differences between two air masses.

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4
Q

What does the temperature of air determine?

A

Whether it rises or sinks.

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5
Q

What is thermal?

A

a small, upward flow of warm air.

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6
Q

How does specific heat play a role between sea breeze and land breeze?

A

Convection near coastlines causes SEA BREEZES during the day and land breezes at night.

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7
Q

What are convection cells?

A

large wind patterns in Earth’s atmosphere caused by convection.

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8
Q

What is the Coriolis Effect?

A

the bending of currents of air or water due to Earth’s rotation.

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9
Q

What changes the direction of airflow?

A

Earth’s rotation.

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10
Q

What are the three important global patterns?

A

trade winds, prevailing westerlies, and polar easterlies.

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11
Q

What is water vapor?

A

The result of liquid water after evaporation.

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12
Q

Air that contains the maximum amount of water is _______

A

Saturated.

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13
Q

What is relative humidity?

A

a measure of how much water vapor an air mass contains relative to the total amount of water vapor it could contain at a certain temperature.

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14
Q

What is a meteorologist?

A

an individual who uses scientific principles to forecast the weather.

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15
Q

What do meteorologists use to inform about the weather?

A

satellites and computer technology.

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16
Q

What is dew point?

A

the temperature at which more water condenses than evaporates in an air mass at a constant atmospheric pressure.

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17
Q

What is a cloud?

A

a group of water droplets or ice crystals that you can see in the atmosphere.

18
Q

Types of clouds?

A

Look on page 130-131.

19
Q

What types of precipitations are there?

A

rain, snow, sleet, dew, frost, and fog. Look on page 132 for descriptions of these precipitations.

20
Q

What is a front?

A

the border between two different air masses.

21
Q

What is a cold front?

A

a front that occurs when a cold air mass moves in and replaces a warm air mass.

22
Q

What is a warm front?

A

a front that occurs when a warm air mass moves in and replaces a cold air mass.

23
Q

What are jet streams?

A

high-altitude, fast- moving winds.

24
Q

What is a low-pressure center?

A

a low- pressure area created by rising warm air.

25
Q

What high- pressure center?

A

a high- pressure area created by sinking cold air.

26
Q

What is an isobar?

A

a line on a weather map that connects place that have the same atmospheric pressure.

27
Q

What is a storm cell?

A

a convection cell within cloud that is associated witha storm.

28
Q

Whag is lightning?

A

a bright spark of light that occurs inside a storm cloud, between a cloud and Earth’s surface, or between two clouds.

29
Q

What is thunder?

A

a sound that occurs when a lightning spark heats air and the air expands.

30
Q

What is a cyclone?

A

a low-pressure center surrounded by rotating winds.

31
Q

What is a hurricane?

A

a tropical cyclone with wind speeds of at least 74 miles per hour (119 kilometers per hour.)

32
Q

What is a tornado?

A

a system of rotating winds around a low-pressure center; a tornado is smaller than a hurrican, but has faster winds.

33
Q

What does climate mean?

A

the long term record of weather patterns and includes the temperature, precipitation, and wind for a region.

34
Q

Whag does biome mean?

A

a major climate region with particular plants and animals. Earth has six major biomes.

35
Q

What is a desert?

A

a climate region that averages less than 35 centimeters of rainfall per year.

36
Q

What are grasslands?

A

climate regions with too little rainfall to support a forest. Grasslands have grasses as the main vegetation.

37
Q

What are temperate deciduous forests?

A

-climate regions in the mid- latitudes that have four seasons.

38
Q

What are tropical rainforests?

A

climate regions found near the equator that have a lot of rainfall and high biodiversity.

39
Q

What is a taiga?

A

the largest climate region, found in the higher latitudes; also known as a boreal or coniferous forest.

40
Q

What is a tundra?

A

a climate region located in high latitudes; the coldest land biome.

Earth Science (12 decks)

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