Chapter 13-3

Question 1

What is compaction?

Answer 1

the process by which sediment is pressed together as more and more layers on top of each other. Water and air get squeezed out from between the particles.

Question 1

What causes rocks to form cracks, and break in to smaller pieces and then become into sediment?

Answer 1

Sunlight, wind, water, ice, and changing temperatures.

Question 2

What is cementation?

Answer 2

the process by which sediment particles are glued together to make a sedimentary rock.

Question 3

What carries rock pieced down to lakes or seas?

Answer 3

Wind and water

Question 5

Why does sediment move downhill?

Answer 5

Due to the force of gravity

Question 6

What is the important motion for forming sedimentary rock?

Answer 6

Downhill motion of sediment

Question 7

What is the most common rock on Earth’s surface? What percentage of the earth’s surface does it cover?

Answer 7

sedimentary rock; it covers 75% of the earth’s surface

Question 8

How can we identify sedimentary rock?

Answer 8

By the suze of the praticles in it.

Question 8

What is the difference between clay and silt?

Answer 8

Clay=smooth

Silt=gritty

Question 9

What kind of sedimentary rock is formed by clay and silt?

Answer 9

mudstone

Question 11

What do sand particles form?

Answer 11

“Sandstone”

Question 12

What is a “conglomerate”?

Answer 12

a lumpy rock, made of rounded gravel

Question 12

What is “low-grade metamorphism”?

Answer 12

occurs under conditions of low temperatire and pressure.

Question 13

When is a metamorphic rock formed?

Answer 13

When an existing rock is heated an squeezed under pressure. There are three ways to form metamorphic rock: low-grade metamorphism, contact metamorphism, and high-grade metamorphism

Question 14

What is the result of “low-grade metamorphism”?

Answer 14

New minerals form.

Question 15

How does “contact metamorphism” work?

Answer 15

When heated but not squeezed by high pressure.

Question 17

How does “high-grade metamorphism” work?

Answer 17

involves high-pressure and either low or high temperatures.

Question 18

How do fossils form?

Answer 18

1. Organism’s body is quickly covered in sediments from a mud slide or something like that.
2. Some body parts decay fast (flesh) but others decay slowly (bone, teeth)
3. after a long time, these harder body parts are preserved by other minerals. Fossils are the remains of prehistoric organisms

Question 19

Summarize the rock cycle and draw a diagram

Answer 19

You must be able to re-produce the picture on 308.