Chapter 4

Question 1

How much % of water is on Earth?

Answer 1

70%.

Question 2

All the water on Earth is part of a large system called the ________.

Answer 2

Hydrosphere.

Question 3

What set of processes does the water keep moving from place to place on Earth?

Answer 3

The water cycle.

Question 4

What phases of matter does water come in?

Answer 4

Liquid, solid, and gas.

Question 5

What estimated volume of liquid is on Earth?

Answer 5

1.386 billion cubic kilometers.

Question 6

What does atmosphere mean?

Answer 6

the layer of gases that surrounds Earth.

Question 7

How much percentage of Earth’s water is salt water that is found in the ocean?

Answer 7

97%.

Question 8

How much percentage is frozen which is at the North and South Pole and on mountain tops?

Answer 8

2%.

Question 9

How much percentage of fresh water is on Earth?

Answer 9

Less than 2%.

Question 10

Do living things rely on fresh water supple? Is water an important resource on Earth?

Answer 10

YES & YES.

Question 11

Where does water collect after a rainstorm?

Answer 11

In low areas.

Question 12

Earth’s water can also be found ______ in glaciers.

Answer 12

Frozen.

Question 13

What does surface water mean?

Answer 13

water found on Earth’s surface in places like oceans, lakes, rivers, and reservoirs.

Question 14

What does reservoir mean?

Answer 14

a protected artificial or natural lake that is used to store water.

Question 15

What does glacier mean?

Answer 15

a huge mass of ice that forms on land when snow and ice accumulate faster than they melt.

Question 16

What does groundwater mean?

Answer 16

water that collects underground.

Question 17

What does water table mean?

Answer 17

the upper level of water under ground; below the water table, all spaces are filled with groundwater.

Question 18

How percentage of water does a human body have?

Answer 18

65- 75%.

Question 19

What keeps water moving through the hydrosphere by providing energy?

Answer 19

The Sun.

Question 20

What is the water cycle?

Answer 20

a set of processes energized by the Sun that keep water moving from place to place on Earth; also called the hydrologic cycle. Look on page 87 for a full diagram of the water cycle.

Question 21

What is precipitation?

Answer 21

A way water moves from the sky to the ground. (rain or snow.)

Question 22

What does gravity have to do with water?

Answer 22

Gravity is the primary force that moves water from Earth’s surface, through the ground, to become groundwater.

Question 23

What are the four main processes in the water cycle?

Answer 23

evaporation, transpiration, condensation, and precipitation.

Question 24

What is evaporation?

Answer 24

the process by which a substance in its liquid phase gains energy and enters its gaseous phase; a phase of the water cycle.

Question 25

What is water vapor?

Answer 25

water in the gas form.

Question 26

What is transpiration?

Answer 26

the process by which plants lose water through tiny pores on their leaves; a phase of the water cycle.

Question 27

What is condensation?

Answer 27

the process by which a substance in its gaseous phase loses energy and enters its liquid phase; a phase of the water cycle.

Question 28

What is precipitation?

Answer 28

condensed water vapor in the atmosphere falling back to Earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet, or snow; a phase of the water cycle.

Question 29

What is a surface runoff?

Answer 29

water that flows over land until it reaches lakes, rivers and oceans.

Question 30

What does percolation mean?

Answer 30

the process of liquid moving through a porous substance.

Question 31

What does aquifer mean?

Answer 31

a underground area of sediment and rocks that is filled with groundwater.

Question 32

What is a watershed?

Answer 32

an area of land that catches all precipitation and surface runoff and collects it in a body of water.

Question 33

Are volcanoes part of the water cycle?

Answer 33

YES.