Chapter 4 Flashcards
How much % of water is on Earth?
70%.
All the water on Earth is part of a large system called the ________.
Hydrosphere.
What set of processes does the water keep moving from place to place on Earth?
The water cycle.
What phases of matter does water come in?
Liquid, solid, and gas.
What estimated volume of liquid is on Earth?
1.386 billion cubic kilometers.
What does atmosphere mean?
the layer of gases that surrounds Earth.
How much percentage of Earth’s water is salt water that is found in the ocean?
97%.
How much percentage is frozen which is at the North and South Pole and on mountain tops?
2%.
How much percentage of fresh water is on Earth?
Less than 2%.
Do living things rely on fresh water supple? Is water an important resource on Earth?
YES & YES.
Where does water collect after a rainstorm?
In low areas.
Earth’s water can also be found ______ in glaciers.
Frozen.
What does surface water mean?
water found on Earth’s surface in places like oceans, lakes, rivers, and reservoirs.
What does reservoir mean?
a protected artificial or natural lake that is used to store water.
What does glacier mean?
a huge mass of ice that forms on land when snow and ice accumulate faster than they melt.
What does groundwater mean?
water that collects underground.
What does water table mean?
the upper level of water under ground; below the water table, all spaces are filled with groundwater.
How percentage of water does a human body have?
65- 75%.
What keeps water moving through the hydrosphere by providing energy?
The Sun.
What is the water cycle?
a set of processes energized by the Sun that keep water moving from place to place on Earth; also called the hydrologic cycle. Look on page 87 for a full diagram of the water cycle.
What is precipitation?
A way water moves from the sky to the ground. (rain or snow.)
What does gravity have to do with water?
Gravity is the primary force that moves water from Earth’s surface, through the ground, to become groundwater.
What are the four main processes in the water cycle?
evaporation, transpiration, condensation, and precipitation.
What is evaporation?
the process by which a substance in its liquid phase gains energy and enters its gaseous phase; a phase of the water cycle.
What is water vapor?
water in the gas form.
What is transpiration?
the process by which plants lose water through tiny pores on their leaves; a phase of the water cycle.
What is condensation?
the process by which a substance in its gaseous phase loses energy and enters its liquid phase; a phase of the water cycle.
What is precipitation?
condensed water vapor in the atmosphere falling back to Earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet, or snow; a phase of the water cycle.
What is a surface runoff?
water that flows over land until it reaches lakes, rivers and oceans.
What does percolation mean?
the process of liquid moving through a porous substance.
What does aquifer mean?
a underground area of sediment and rocks that is filled with groundwater.
What is a watershed?
an area of land that catches all precipitation and surface runoff and collects it in a body of water.
Are volcanoes part of the water cycle?
YES.
