Chapter 6 Flashcards
attention
active process of focusing on a specific object while ignoring others
overt attention
directly focusing on an object
ex. focusing on taking notes
covert attention
focusing on something else without directly seeing it
ex. noticing what classmates are doing while taking notes
spatial attention
focusing on specific location
Posner’s experiment
on spatial attention
faster response to correct precueing (valid trial)
slower response to incorrect precueing (invalid trial)
binding
process by which features combine to perceive a complete object
binding problem: binding occurs in different areas of the brain
Treisman and Schmidt experiment
divided attention task then identify numbers and objects presented in 200 ms
participants likely to mismatch features (demonstrates feature integration theory)
feature integration theory (FIT)
preattentive stage:
illusory conjunctions (features associated w/ an object becomes incorrectly associated to another)
features are free floating
focused attention stage:
focusing on objects eliminates illusory conjunction
stimulus salience
things that stand out or are noticeable
attentional capture
involuntary shift of attention due to stimulus salience
saliency map
what we notice in our attention based on fixations
influenced by top-down processing
scene schema
prior knowledge about what is found in typical scenes
fixations influenced by this knowledge (people look longer at things that are out of place)
task demands
shift attention based on action
eye movements and fixations closely linked to action person is about to take
just in time strategy
we look at something before we need the info
Egly’s experiment
faster response to correct cueing and when target is still on same rectangle
slower response for incorrect cueing when target is on a different rectangle
