Chapter 6 Flashcards
two effects of Jackson’s presidency
increased voter turnout AND growth of the Democratic Party
concern of settlers along the Oregon Trail
early snows in the mountains
three effects of Indian Removal Act
1-expanded slavery to new territories
2-relocated American Indians to less fertile land
3-resulted in deaths of thousands of American Indians
consequences of annexation of Texas
slave states would outnumber free states
Oregon Country vs. Great Plains
Great Plains too dry for farming; Oregon Country had mild temperatures and plenty of rain
“corrupt bargain” in 1824
Speaker of the House Henry Clay helped John Quincy Adams become president; Adams supported Clay for Secretary of State–Jackson MAD
economic depression during Van Buren’s presidency
land speculators trying to exchange paper money for gold & silver b/c Jackson required it–banks didn’t have enough money & some failed
Alamo effect of Texans
inspired Texans to fight Mexico for independence
two causes of Mexican-American War
1-border dispute in Texas
2-U.S. annexation of Texas
result of Mexican-American War
gave U.S. the territory known as the Mexican Cession
lives of American Indians at missions
supplied manual labor (work)
why blend European & American customs
hoped it would help preserve their land–seen as “more white” so be treated better
issues that create tensions between Mexican govt. & Americans in Texas
1-slavery–Mexico didn’t want it
2-religion–Texans supposed to be Catholic–most weren’t
spoils system problems
unqualified people could get jobs in govt.
Oregon Trail pioneers (picture)
traveled in large groups; used narrow dirt trails so traveled in one long line
life in West vs. East in early 1800s
1-women had greater equality in West
2-fewer class distinctions (didn’t matter how much money/status you had)
role of mountain men
acted as guides for settlers after fur trade declined
Erie Canal & economic success
more economic opportunities in the West b/c canals were successful
conflict over Tariff of 1828
Henry Clay proposed a compromise tariff that eased tensions
settlement of Utah vs. settlement of California
Utah settled by Mormons hoping to escape religious persecution
ESSAY 1
Describe the Nullification Crisis, how it was related to the U.S. Constitution, and how the crisis was resolved.
-South Carolina passed Nullification Act giving them power to nullify federal laws it said were unconstitutional
-passed b/c of tariff that seemed unfair to the South
-John C. Calhoun believed in nullification; Daniel Webster did not b/c country would fall apart if states could pick and choose laws
-crisis resolved w/lower compromise tariff & repeal of Nullification Act
-tensions still high between North and South
ESSAY 2
Compare and contrast the views of the Democrats, led by Andrew Jackson, and the Whigs, led by Daniel Webster and Henry Clay, regarding the Bank of the United States.
Jackson & Democrats
-Bank is too powerful & benefited only the wealthy
-Bank could limit money state banks could lend to farmers & merchants
Webster, Clay, & Whigs
-Bank necessary for economic stability & prosperity
-without Bank, state banks would issue loans in paper money without gold & silver to back them–banks would fail if loans not repaid–really happened
ESSAY 3
Explain how the Supreme Court ruled against the relocation of thousands of American Indians to present-day Oklahoma.
-Georgia passed laws in 1825 and 1827 forcing Creeks to give up land
-Cherokee challenged laws at Supreme Court
-Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) ruled for Georgia
-Worcester v. Georgia (1832) ruled for Cherokee saying previous treaties w/Cherokee Nation must be honored
-Georgia had no right to interfere with Cherokee territory
-BUT Jackson (might have) said, “John Marshall has made his decision. Now let him enforce it.”
ESSAY 4
Why did so many settlers migrate west in the early nineteenth century? What factors made this mass migration possible?
-settlers drawn to the West by promises of plentiful, cheap, fertile farmland & other economic opportunities
-early 1800s technological advancements like interstate roads, steamboats, canals made travel safer & faster
-transportation of goods within Great Lakes region & between the West & East Coast was cheaper & easier
