Chapter 5A Flashcards
Tonic
Slow adaption
Phasic adaption
Rapid
Receptor potential
Is a synapse
Generator potential
Connects directly to the receptor
Free nerve
- present at the base of hair follicle
- senses hair movement, itching and tickling
Meissner receptor
- present in fingers, lips and nipples
- sense stroking and fluttering movements
Merkels receptor
“Touch domes”
- mammary glands
Ruffin receptor
Responds to skin stretch torque/deformation
- deep layers of cells
Pacinian corpulus receptors
- senses vibration and deep pressure, touch
- concentric rings and affrent neurons
Pain receptors
Nociceptors
Type of touch receptors
- free nerve
- meissners
- merkel
- Ruffin
- pacinian corpulus
Body pain
Should disappear
Includes:
- muscle pain, lactic acid build up
Referred pain
Visceral pain (internal organs) sensed in the skin
Ex.
- heart pain —> left arm
Neuropathic pain
Chronic conditions
Phantom pain
Pain in a missing limb
Neurotransmitters
-substance P
- glutamate
Substance P
- exited dorsal horn
- can travel directly to the brain stem (somatosensory cortex)
- released by first order neurons (afferent)
Receptors of glutamate
- AMPA
- NMDA
AMPA
Controls permeability of na and k
NMDA
Excitotoxicit or hypersensitivity
- triggers secretion of ca
Opiates
- prevents the release of neurotransmitter
Ex.tylonal
Inate
- mechanisms, endrogenic opiotes, block release (IPSP)
Ex. Endrorphin, enkephalins, dynorphin (neuropeptides)
Endporphins
“Runners high”
-emotions
-volunteers secrete high levels
Levels of endorphins with excessive alcohol use
Low
