Chapter 53 Flashcards
date for benchmark in war?
April 29, 1975
What happened on April 29, 1975? This was the last phase in evacuating US civilians out of Saigon
Operation Frequent Wind (also the day that VietnamWho closed)
Place where South Vietnamese fleeing the communist armies. Some climbed into boats and US ships while others scattered
Saigon
National Security adviser who Nixon relied heavily on
henry kissinger
what 2 points did kissinger agree on with nixon/
- war was unwinnable
2. US couldn’t just “Cut and run”
What quote did they say they have to use/tactic
“Peace with honor”
Nixon decides on what approach that combines actions that reward the carrot with actions that punish the stick?
Carrot and stick approach
Nixon sends Kissinger to where to negotiate with Vietnamese?
Paris; tries to negotiate to have bombs end if both north and US withdraw troops from South and recognize south vietname’s independence
Asian policy calling for each American ally to accept primary responsibility for providing soldiers for its own defense; process of withdrawing US troops and preparing South for war
Vietnamization
3 goals for Vietnamization
self gov
self dev
self defense
US troops peaked to what number by March 1969?
543,000
Nixon’s new strategy to make North’s leaders, USSR and China to believe that he could do anything to win the war (nixon’s bluffing)
Madman Theory
Why does his madman theory seem so possible?
He already secretly ordered B-52s to begin bombing Cambodia (a neutral nation on Vietnam’s west order); THIS WAS TOLD 1 YEAR LATER TO US CITIZENS
Plan for nixon’s ground forces
invade Cambodia with goal of invading US force to destroy enem “safe havens” from NVA and Viet Cong forces
Did his plan succeed?
partially; no succeed: communists boycotted Paris talks until US troops left Cambodia 3 months later
February 1971: Nixon does what?
launches invasion on Laos (ARVN ground fighting with US air support)
Journalist who published an article about My Lai in South Vietnam which had been covered up by military
Seymour Hersh
My Lai Massacre
US soldiers thoughts My Lai was a strong Viet Cong HQ, and did search and destroy mission. Turns out, it was just civilians.
how many civilians did US kill in My Lai Massacre?
500
peace activists stage the biggest antiwar protest in US history on this day
Vietnam Moratorium day
word meaning suspension of activity
moratorium
This person was accused of killing 22 Vietnam civilians during massacre. he was then pardoned by president
William Claley
what happens in Kent State Unviersity in Ohio while holding peace really? (what was this event calle)
Kent State Shooting
what happened at the Kant State shooting?
burning of the army’s ROTC building on campus (4 killed, 9 wounded)
