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US History 2 > Chapter 51 > Flashcards

Chapter 51 Flashcards

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1
Q

Name of the Vietnamese memorial

A

Vietname Veterans Memorial/The Wall

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2
Q

1st US soldiers dead at Vietname

A

Chester Ovnand and Dale Buis

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3
Q

Vietname War divided US nation as bad was what war?

A

Civil war

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4
Q

2 groups of people’s ideas in the US opposing each other during the Vietnam war?

A

Antiwar vs. war hawks

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5
Q

What happened in 1968 that made US realize it wasn’t winnable because the war escalated?

A

Antiwar Protest

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6
Q

What election were voters voting for the candidate who wanted to pull out of the war?

A

1968 election

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7
Q

What was Vietnam part of?

A

French Indochina

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8
Q

What was Vietnam known for?

A

2,000 years of resistance to foreign rule

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9
Q

1941: who found the communist party Viet Minh who opposed foreign occupation>

A

Ho Chi Minh

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10
Q

When did Vietname declare its independence?

A

1945 sept 2; same day Japan surrendered in WWII

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11
Q

What did Ho Chi Minh’s speech of independence include?

A

speech began with words of the Declaration of Independence

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12
Q

What was emphasized in Ho Chi Minh’s speech of independence?

A

determination:

  1. fight France when it tried to reestablish colonial rule here
  2. fight US (a common enemy)
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13
Q

What did Viet Minh call Vietnam? Capital?

A

Democratic Republic of Vietname with capital of Hanoi

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14
Q

Who was president at the time when Vietnam was entering Indochina War? What did this president want to do?

A

Truman; wanted to contain communism

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15
Q

How much military aid did US provide for the 1st Indochina War?

A

$100 million; 80% of war cost was paid by US

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16
Q

During 1st Indochina War: French controlled what areas? Vietnam dominated what areas?

A

French: North and South cities of vietname
Vietname: countryside (they assassinated all people who were freidns with French)

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17
Q

What did Viet Minh do to gain peasant support?

A

peasant support was 80% of the population; they gave land to gain support, which was taken from the wealthy

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18
Q

1954: What did Minh do to the French?

A

Minh attack large French military vase at Dian Bien Phu

19
Q

What was truman known for?

A

1st president to get involved in Vietname by sending $100 million to aid France

20
Q

What was Eisenhower doing for Vietnam war?

A

sending troops

21
Q

Who was assassinated 3 weeks after Diem (president of South Vietname) dies?

A

Kennedy

22
Q

Which president comes after Kennedy

A

LBJ

23
Q

LBJ’s belief of the war; solution?

A

NOT worth fighting for, but too late to get out; solution: bomb North Vietname

24
Q

to increase

A

escalate

25
Q

North Vietnam had been sending weapons and supplies to the south to ___ over the ____.

A

To Viet Cong over the Ho Chi Minh Trail

26
Q

what army in Vietnam began heading south along the Ho Chi Minh Trail?

A

North Vietnamese Army (NVA)

27
Q

LBJ approved of what attacks?

A

covert attacks on radar stations

28
Q

Who planned an operation by having South Vietnamese sspeedoats carry out raids?

A

CIA

29
Q

US Navy warships used ___ to locate radar sites

A

Electronic Surveillance

30
Q

Where did NVA begin firing back at US?

A

Gulf of Tonkin

31
Q

Cause of Gulf of Tonkin resolution and result?

A

Cause: US thought destroyer was under attack at Gulf of Tonkin; there was no attack but US claimed there WAS a 2nd attack. this caused AIR STRIKES and this resolution gave president permission to expand US role in conflict by taking ALL NECESSARY MEASURE TO REPEL ARMED attacks against US

32
Q

Feb 7, 1965: Vietname does what? How does US respond?

A

Viet Cong attack US air base in south; LBJ responds by bombing the 17th parallel; led to Operation Rolling THunder

33
Q

What was Operation Rolling Thunder?

A

massive air strike series; LBJ believed this boosted confidence in the Arm y of the Republic of Vietnam (in south)

34
Q

which advisors favored US military involvement in Vietnam?

A

hawks (Secreatry of Defense Robert McNamara, Secretary of State Dean Rusk) these were top military leaders

35
Q

theories of the hawks

A
  1. domino theory: Vietnam triggers other communist countires
  2. appeasement- gives aggression through appeasement
  3. American credibility: others must know we WILL stand by our allies in a battle against communism
36
Q

group of advisors opposing war?

A

doves (Sec. of State George Ball)

37
Q

Dove theories:

A
  1. War unwinnable (would undermine LBJ’s Great Society programs)
  2. Involvement is NOT in nation’s interest: too much of an investment AND US has no business in another nation’s civil war
  3. Direct US involvement may cause China/USSR to join conflict (China was already building an air base)
38
Q

Johnson’s final decision on the war

A

sends 3,500 US marines to Da Nang, SOuth Vietnam

39
Q

What did marines do as soon as they arrived to Vietnam under LBJ orders?

A

1st time US combat troops enter Vietname; immediately dug FOXHOLES on beach to defend against a Viet Cong attack
brough flamethrowers
defended air base at Da Nang
Orders change: FIND AND ELMINATE ENEMY FORCES DURING PATROLS

40
Q

What types of missions led to 1st firefights with Viet Cong Guerrillas?

A

SEARCH AND DESTROY MISSIONS

41
Q

1st major assault by US group troops

A

Operation Starlite

started with bomb andartillery attack on Viet Cong; helicopters flew 5,500 marines to battle site

42
Q

marines succeed or fail?

A

with tanks and fighter planes, they succeed killing 600+ Viet Congs and only 45 US casualites

43
Q

How many US soldiers were serving in Vietnam by 1967?

A

1/5 million US were serving in Vietname

44
Q

What was the Two-Pronged Strategy?

A
  1. US marines take key cities and vital sites and transform them into modern military bases; use them to launch search and destroy missions

US History 2 (8 decks)

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