Chapter 50- Introduction To Ecology

Question 0

Population

Answer 0

A group of individual of the same species living in the same area at the same time.

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

The study of how organisms interact with their environment.

Question 2

Community

Answer 2

Species that interact with each other within a particular area.

Question 3

Ecosystem

Answer 3

All of the organisms in a particular region along with nonliving components.

Question 4

Abiotic

Answer 4

Not-living

Question 5

Biotic

Answer 5

Living

Question 6

Conservation Biology

Answer 6

The effort to study, preserve, and restore threatened populations, communities, and ecosystems.

Question 7

Turnovers

Answer 7

The mixing of lake water due to air temperatures.

Question 8

Thermocline

Answer 8

A gradient in temperature.

Question 9

Productivity

Answer 9

The total amount of carbon fixed by photosynthesis per unit area per year.

Question 10

Littoral zone

Answer 10

Seashore: shallow waters along the shore.

Question 11

Limnetic zone

Answer 11

Lake; offshore, water that receives enough light to support photosynthesis.

Question 12

Benthic Zone

Answer 12

Depths; the substrate/bottom of the ocean.

Question 13

Photic zone

Answer 13

Regions of littoral, limnetic, and benthic zones that receive sunlight.

Question 14

Aphotic Zone

Answer 14

Portions of a lake or pond that do not receive sunlight.

Question 15

Plankton

Answer 15

Cyanobacteria, algae, and other microscopic organisms.

Question 16

Detritus

Answer 16

Dead organic matter

Question 17

Wetlands

Answer 17

Shallow-water habitats where the soil is saturated with water for at least part of the year.

Question 18

Emergent Vegetation

Answer 18

Plants that grow above the surface of the water.

Question 19

Bogs

Answer 19

Water habitats with little or no water flow.

Question 20

Marshes

Answer 20

Lack trees and feature grasses, reeds, and other nonwoody plants.

Question 21

Swamps

Answer 21

Dominated by trees and shrubs.

Question 22

Streams

Answer 22

Bodies of water that move constantly in one direction.

Question 23

Ponds

Answer 23

Small freshwater bodies of water.

Question 24

Estuaries

Answer 24

Where rivers meet the ocean, where salt water mixes with fresh water.

Question 25

Intertidal Zone

Answer 25

A rocky, muddy, or sandy beach exposed to the air at low tide, but submerged at high tide.

Question 26

Neritic Zone

Answer 26

Extends from the intertidal zone to depths of 200 m.

Question 27

Lakes

Answer 27

Large freshwater bodies of water.

Question 28

Continental Shelf

Answer 28

The gently sloping, submerged portion of a continental plate.

Question 29

Oceanic Zone

Answer 29

The deepwater region of ocean beyond the continental shelf.

Question 30

Coral Reefs

Answer 30

Some of the most productive environments in the world.

Question 31

Biomes

Answer 31

Major groupings of plant and animal communities defined by a dominant vegetation type.

Question 32

Climate

Answer 32

The prevailing, long-term weather conditions found in an area.

Question 33

Weather

Answer 33

Specific short-term atmospheric conditions of temperature, precipitation, sunlight, and wind.

Question 34

Net Primary Productivity

Answer 34

The total amount of carbon that is fixed per year minus the amount that is oxidized during cellular respiration.

Question 35

Biomass

Answer 35

Energy used by the organism, but not for growth.

Question 36

Aboveground biomass

Answer 36

The total mass of living plants, excluding roots.

Question 37

Tropical Wet Forest

Answer 37

Tropical rain forests, have trees with broad leaves, no seasonal variation in temperature.

Question 38

Canopy

Answer 38

The uppermost layers of branches.

Question 39

Epiphytes

Answer 39

Plants that grow entirely on other plants.

Question 40

Subtropical Desert

Answer 40

Dry biomes with less than 3in of annual precipitation and low productivity.

Question 41

Temperate

Answer 41

Having pronounced annual fluctuations in temperature

Question 42

Temperate Grasslands

Answer 42

Grasslands with a defined summer and winter.

Question 43

Temperate Forests

Answer 43

Forests with defined seasons and dominated by deciduous trees.

Question 44

Taiga

Answer 44

Regions with cool or cold seasons and coniferous trees.

Question 45

Tundra

Answer 45

Region with cold temperatures, low productivity, and a short growing season.

Question 46

Permafrost

Answer 46

A perennial frozen state.

Question 47

Hadley Cell

Answer 47

A global air circulation cycle responsible for levels of precipitation.

Question 48

Rain Shadow

Answer 48

Areas that receive cool, dry air from over a mountain crest that had released precipitation on the other side of the mountain.

Question 49

Seasons

Answer 49

Regular, annual fluctuations in temperature/and or precipitation.

Question 50

Specific Heat

Answer 50

The capacity of a substance for storing heat energy.

Question 51

Biogeography

Answer 51

The study of how organisms are distributed geographically.

Question 52

Range

Answer 52

Geographic distributions of organisms.

Question 53

Dispersal

Answer 53

The movement of an individual from its place of origin to the location where it lives and breeds as an adult.

Question 54

Exotic

Answer 54

Not native

Question 55

Invasive Species

Answer 55

Species that, when introduced into a new area, spread rapidly and eliminate native species.

Question 56

Sage-Steppes

Answer 56

Dry, arid habitats dominated by shrubs.