Chapter 5 Vocab

Question 0

bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton.

Answer 0

Appendicular skeleton

Question 1

a slightly movable joint.

Answer 1

Amphiarthroses

Question 2

The cartilage covering the articular surfaces of the bones forming a synovial joint.

Answer 2

Articular cartilage

Question 3

joint; point where two bones meet.

Answer 3

Articulations

Question 4

the bones forming the axis of the skeleton, including the skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum.

Answer 4

Axial skeleton

Question 5

bones of the thorax, including ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae.

Answer 5

Bony thorax

Question 6

bones united by cartilage; no joint cavity is present.

Answer 6

Cartilaginous joint

Question 7

hard, dense bone that is usually found at the periphery of skeletal structures, as distinguished from spongy cancellous bone.

Answer 7

Compact bone

Question 8

elongated shaft of a long bone.

Answer 8

Diaphysis

Question 9

incomplete bony basin formed by the two coxal bones and the sacrum.

Answer 9

Pelvic girdle

Question 10

double-layered connective tissue membrane that covers and nourishes the bone.

Answer 10

Periosteum

Question 11

n the red vascular substance consisting of connective tissue and blood vessels, containing primitive blood cells, macrophages, megakaryocytes, and fat cells. Found in the cavities of many bones. It manufactures and releases leukocytes and erythrocytes into the bloodstream.

Answer 11

Red marrow

Question 12

bones that occur in clusters and usually permit movement of the extremities, such as the carpals and tarsals.

Answer 12

Short bones

Question 13

composite of two bones, scapula and clavicle, that attach the upper limb to the axial skeleton; also called the pectoral girdle.

Answer 13

Shoulder girdle

Question 14

bony enclosure for the brain.

Answer 14

Skull

Question 15

a freely movable joint.

Answer 15

Diarthroses

Question 16

a thin layer of cartilage between the epiphysis, a secondary bone-forming center, and the bone shaft. The new bone forms along the plate. Epiphyseal plates remain open until late adolescence. Also called growth plate.

Answer 16

Epiphyseal plate

Question 17

the end of a long bone.

Answer 17

Epiphysis

Question 18

bones joined by fibrous tissue; no joint cavity is present.

Answer 18

Fibrous joint

Question 19

A bone having a thin, flattened shape, as the scapula; any of the bones that provide structural contours of the skeleton. Examples include ribs and bones of the cranium.

Answer 19

Flat bones

Question 20

the discs of fibrocartilage between the vertebrae.

Answer 20

Intervertebral disks

Question 21

one of a group of bones having peculiar or complex forms, for example, vertebrae, many of the skull bones.

Answer 21

Irregular bones

Question 22

a cord of fibrous tissue that connects bones.

Answer 22

Ligaments

Question 23

any of the bones that contribute to the height or length of an extremity, particularly the bones of the legs and arms.

Answer 23

Long bones

Question 24

Bone in which the spicules form a latticework, with interstices filled with embryonic connective tissue or bone marrow. Also called cancellous bone, trabecular bone.

Answer 24

Spongy bone

Question 25

an immovable joint.

Answer 25

Synarthroses

Question 26

freely movable joint exhibiting a joint cavity enclosed by fibrous capsule lined with synovial membrane.

Answer 26

Synovial joint

Question 27

the spine, formed of a number of individual bones called vertebrae and two composite bones (sacrum and coccyx).

Answer 27

Vertebral column

Question 28

found in middle of long bones and, in the face of severe blood loss, is converted to haematopoietic red marrow; bone marrow in which the fat cells predominate in the meshes of the reticular network.

Answer 28

Yellow marrow