Chapter 5 The Structure of Matter Megan Mayer Flashcards
What is chemical structure?
The arrangement of atoms in a substance
What is a chemical bond?
The attractive force that holds atoms and ions together
What is a bond length?
The distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms
What is bond angle?
A angle formed between two alike atoms
What is a hydrogen bond?
When one water molecule is attracted to another water molecule of a different element
What is a ionic bond?
An attraction formed by two oppositely charged ions
What is a metallic bond?
A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them
What is a polyatomtic ion?
An ion made of two or more atoms?
What is a covalent ion?
A bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
What is a formula unit?
One Na positive and one Cl negative make up a NaCl.
What is a nonpolar convent bond?
When electrons are shared equally
What is a polar covalent bond?
An unequal sharing of electrons
What is a empirical formula?
The composition of a compound in terms of the relative numbers and kinds of atoms in the simplest ratio.
What is a molecular formula?
A chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule, but not the arrangement of atoms
What is a organic compound?
A covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides
What is a polymer?
A large molecule that is formed than more than five monomers or small units
What is carbohydrate?
Any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen , and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things
What is protein?
Made up of more than one chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells
What is amino acid?
Any one of the 20 different organic molecules that contain a carboxylate and that combine to form proteins
What is hydrocarbon?
An atom that is made only of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms
What is Aklene?
They have at least one double covalently bond
What is alkane?
When the atoms don’t always line up in a row
What is DNA?
It’s a polymer with a complex structure
