Atoms and Perodic Table Megan Mayer Flashcards
What is a proton?
A particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
What is the nucleus?
An atoms central region which is made up of protons and neutrons
What is neutron?
A particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
What is a electron?
A particle that has a negative charge
What is a orbital?
A region in a atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons.
What is a valence electron?
An electron that is found in the outer most shell of an atom and determines the atoms chemical properties
What is the periodic law?
The law that repeats Chemical and physical properties of elements change on the periodic table with the atomic numbers
What is a period?
A horizontal row of elements on the periodic table
What is a group?
A vertical column of the elects on the periodic table
What is a ion?
A atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained one or more electrons and ha s a negative or positive charge
What is a atomic number?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
What is a mass number?
The sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
What is a isotope?
An atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element do but has a different amount of neutrons
What is the atomic mass unit (amu)?
A unit of mass that describes the mass of an atom or molecule, it’s exactly one twelfth of a carbon atom with mass number of 12
What is the average atomic mass?
The weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element
What is a metal?
An element that is shiny and conducts heat and electricity well
What is a nonmetal?
An element that conducts heat and electricity poorly
What is a semiconductor?
An element or compound that conducts electric currents better than an insulator but not as good as a conductor
What is alkali metal?
One of the elements of Group 1 of the periodic table
What is alkaline earth metal?
One of the elements of Group 2 of the periodic table
What is transition metal?
One of the elements of Groups 3-12 of the periodic table
What is halogen?
One of the elements of Group 17 of the periodic table
What is noble gas?
An unreactive element of group 18 of the periodic table
What is a mole?
The Si unit used to measure the amount of a substance whose number of particles is the same as the number of atoms
What is Avogadro’s constant?
It equals 6.022 x 10^23/ mol. The number of particles in 1 mol
What is molar mass?
The mass in grams of 1 mil of a substance.
What is conversion factor?
A ratio that is derived from the equality of two different units and that can be used to convert from one unit to another
