Chapter 5 The Internet And Its Uses: Unit 5.1: The Internet And WWW Flashcards
Define internet
Worldwide collection of internet networks. Allows networks and individual devices to connect to other networks and devices.
Define WWW
World Wide Web - part of the internet that users can access using web browser software. Consists of a massive collection of webpages, and is based on the hypertext transfer protocol.
The WWW is a way of accessing information on the internet.
Describe the internet (4 points)
Users can send and receive emails
Allows online chatting
Makes use of transmission protocols (TCP) and internet protocols (IP)
It is a worldwide collection of interconnected networks and devices
Describe the World Wide Web (5 points)
It is a collection of multimedia web pages and other information on websites
Http(s) protocols are written using hypertext mark-up language (HTML)
Uniform resource locations (URLs) are used to specify the location of web pages
Web resources are accessed by web browsers
Uses the internet to access information from web servers
Describe http(s)
Hypertext transfer protocol (http) is a set of rules that must be obeyed when transferring files across the internet. It is changed to https when some form of security is used, such as SSL or TLS. The s stands for secure.
What are the 10 features of web browsers?
Home page
Can store a user’s favourite websites/web pages
Keep a history of websites visited by the user
They have the ability to allow the user to navigate forwards and backwards through websites/webpages opened
Many web pages can be open at the same time by using multiple tabs
Make uses of cookies
Make use of hyperlinks that allow navigation between websites and web pages
Data is stored in a cache
Make use of JavaScript
Use an address bar
Describe the process of retrieval and location of web pages.
The user opens their browser and types in the URL and the browser asks the 1st DNS server for the IP address of the website.
If the 1st DNS server can’t find the website’s IP in its database or in its cache, it sends out a request to a 2nd DNS server.
This continues until the IP of the website is found, which then is sent back to the 1st DNS server, which now puts this IP address into its cache/database.
The IP address is then sent back to the user’s computer.
The computer now sets up a communication with the web server and the required pages are downloaded.
HTML files are sent from the web server to the computer.
The browser interprets the HTML, which is used to structure content, and then displays the information on the user’s computer.
Define cookies
Small files or code stored on a user’s computer. Each cookie contains a pair of values. Cookies allow user tracking and maintain user preferences.
What are the 2 types of cookies?
Session cookie
Persistent (or permanent) cookie
Describe persistent/permanent cookies.
Remember a user’s log in details
Stored on the hard drive of the user’s computer
Remain in operation on the user’s computer even after the browser is closed or the website session is terminated
Remove the need to type in login details every time a certain site is visited
Some websites use these cookies to store more personal information or user preferences.
What are the uses of persistent cookies?
Allow the website to remember user’s passwords, email addresses, and invoice details
Serve as a memory
Track internet habits and user’s website histories or favourites/bookmarks
Target users with advertising that matches they previous buying or surfing habits
Store users’ preferences
Are used in online financial transactions
Allow progress in online games and quizzes to be stored
Allow social networking sites to recognise certain preferences and browsing histories
Allow different languages to be used on the web pages automatically as soon as users log in
