Chapter 5 The Human Body Flashcards
The major artery in the forearm; it is palpable at the wrist on the thumb side.
radial artery
The nucleotide involved in energy metabolism; used to store energy.
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
The upper jawbones that assist in the formation of the orbit, the nasal cavity, and the palate and hold the upper teeth.
maxillae
The large muscle that covers the front of the humerus.
biceps
The area of the brain between the spinal cord and cerebrum, surrounded by the cerebellum; controls functions that are necessary for life, such as respiration.
brain stem
The straightening of a joint.
extension
The primary female reproductive organs that produce an ovum, or egg, that, if fertilized, will develop into a fetus.
ovaries
The organs that control the discharge of certain waste materials filtered from the blood and excreted as urine.
urinary system
The canal that conveys urine from the bladder to outside the body.
urethra
The spermatic duct of the testicles; also called vas deferens.
vasa deferentia
Exchange of air between the lungs and the environment, spontaneously by the patient or with assistance from another person, such as an EMT.
ventilation
The tubes that connect each ovary with the uterus and are the primary location for fertilization of the ovum.
fallopian tubes
Further inside the body and away from the skin.
deep
A body part of condition that appears on both sides of the midline.
bilateral
The system that controls virtually all activities of the body, both voluntary and involuntary.
nervous system
The small amount of liquid within a joint used as lubrication.
synovial fluid
The bone of the lower jaw.
mandible
To straighten.
extend
The upper quarter of the sternum.
manubrium
Fluid produced in the ventricles of the brain that flows in the subarachnoid space and bathes the meninges.
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
The opaque, sticky secretion of the mucous membranes that lubricates the body openings.
mucus
Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen.
aerobic metabolism
The tiny blood vessels between the arterioles and venules that permit transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between body tissues and the blood.
capillary vessels
The bone on the thumb side of the forearm.
radius
The controlling organ of the body and center of consciousness; functions include perception, control of reactions to the environment, emotional responses, and judgment.
brain
The nasal cavity; formed by the union of facial bones and protects the respiratory tract from contaminants.
nasopharynx
The forward facing part of the hand in anatomic position.
palmar
Motion of a limb toward the midline.
adduction
Cells that carry oxygen to the body’s tissues; also called erythrocytes.
red blood cells
The principal artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery. It supplies blood to the lower abdominal wall, external genitalia, and legs. It can be palpated in the groin area.
femoral artery
The lining of body cavities and passages that communicate directly or indirectly with the environment outside the body.
mucous membranes
The eye socket, made up of the maxilla and zygoma.
orbit
Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, or noradrenaline. the term also pertains to the receptors acted on by norepinephrine.
adrenergic
Parts of the body that lie closer to the midline; also call inner structures.
medial
Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
adrenal glands
Nerve tissue that is continuous inferiorly with the spinal cord; serves as a conduction pathway for the ascending and descending nerve tracts; coordinates heart rate, blood vessel diameter, breathing, swallowing, vomiting, coughing, and sneezing.
medulla oblongata
The pressure of water to move, typically into the capillary, as the result of the presence of plasma proteins.
oncotic pressure
The lowermost end of the colon.
rectum
A neurotransmitter and drug sometimes used in the treatment of shock; produces vasoconstriction through its alpha-stimulator properties.
norepinephrine
A type of joint that has grown together forming a very stable connection.
symphysis
A bony prominence on the proximal lateral side of the thigh, just below the hip joint.
greater trochanter
A sac behind the pubic symphysis made of smooth muscle that collects and stores urine.
urinary bladder
The glands that secrete sweat, located in the dermal layer of the skin.
sweat glands
The most posterior portion of the cranium.
occiput
The outermost cavity of a women’s reproductive system; the lower part of the birth canal.
vagina
The heart muscle.
myocardium
The quandrangular bones of the cheek, articulating with the frontal bone, the maxillae, the zygomatic processes of the temporal bone, and the great wings of the sphenoid bone.
zygomas
Forms the posterior portion of the oral cavity, which is bordered superiorly by the hard and soft palates, laterally by the cheeks, and inferiorly by the tongue.
oropharynx
The inner layer of the skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels.
dermis
