Chapter 5 Test Flashcards
The law of specific nerve energies was stated by ________ .
Johannes Müller
The area of the retina that is specialized for acute, detailed vision is the ________ .
fovea
Toward the periphery of the retina, more and more receptors converge onto bipolar and ganglion cells and, as a result, ________ .
the brain cannot detect the exact location of a peripheral light source
The ganglion cells in the fovea of humans and other primates are called ________ .
midget ganglion cells
What happens to rods in bright daylight?
They are bleached.
Foveal vision ________ .
contains cones as receptors
Cones provide about ________ of the visual input to the brain.
90%
According to the trichromatic theory, we discriminate among wavelengths using the ________ .
ratio of activity across the three types of cones
The ________ theory posits that we perceive color on a continuum from red to green, another from yellow to blue, and another from white to black.
opponent process
The ________ theory can account for the constancy of color across different lighting conditions.
retinex
In mammalian vision, most ganglion cell axons go to the ________ of the thalamus.
lateral geniculate nucleus
In the retina, ________ sharpens contrasts to emphasize the borders of objects.
lateral inhibition
Which type of ganglion cells is distributed evenly throughout the retina and have relatively large cell bodies and receptive fields?
magnocellular
People with damage to area V1 may experience ________ , the ability to respond in limited ways to visual information without perceiving it consciously.
blindsight
Which type of visual cortex cell responds equally to stimuli throughout a large receptive?
complex
If an infant is born with congenital cataracts and the cataracts are not removed until childhood, what are the likely effects?
Motion and depth perception remain permanently impaired.
The ventral pathway or stream through the temporal cortex is also called the ________ pathway, because it is specialized for identifying and recognizing objects.
what
Which part of the facial recognition system responds strongly to a face viewed from any angle, as well as line drawings and anything else that looks like a face?
fusiform gyrus
The responses of cells in ________ correspond to the apparent or perceived color of an object, which depends on the total context, including ambient lighting.
V4
Cells in the ________ respond selectively when something moves at a particular speed in a particular direction.
medial temporal cortex
