chapter 5 test

Question 1

miescher

Answer 1

nuclin, the center of the cell has DNA, he stripped everything away from the cell except for the nucleus

Question 2

hunt morgan

Answer 2

genes are linearly ordered on chromosomes

Question 3

Griffith

Answer 3

‘transforming principle’

Question 4

Avery

Answer 4

used enzymes to show DNA is transforming principle

Question 5

Chargaff

Answer 5

Chargaff rule= A&T are equal, and C&G are equal

Question 6

Hershey and chase

Answer 6

found that DNA is the hereditary material

Question 7

wilkins and franklin

Answer 7

x-ray DNA

Question 8

watson and crick

Answer 8

DNA is a double helix

Question 9

3 parts structure of DNA

Answer 9

sugar(deoxyribose)
phosphate group
nitrogenous bases (G,C,A,T, U instead of T for RNA)

Question 10

transcription

Answer 10

copying the sequence of DNA into a single strand of mRNA in the nucleus

Question 11

translation

Answer 11

decoding the mRNA transcript into a sequence of amino acids that builds a protein in the ribosome

Question 12

central dogma

Answer 12

DNA self-replicates, information flows from DNA to RNA to protein

Question 13

telomere

Answer 13

region at the end of the chromosome -TTAGGG- when there are not enough left, the cell cannot divide anymore

Question 14

6 characteristics of life

Answer 14

1) composed of cells, operate on many levels of organization
2)metabolize
3)grow, develop, reproduce
4)use and transmit genetic info
5)respond
6)adapt

Question 15

4 biomolecules

Answer 15

lipids, proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates

Question 16

stages of photosynthesis

Answer 16

light dependant, calvin cycle

Question 17

stages of cellular respiration

Answer 17

glycolysis, oxidation of pyruvate, kreb cycle, oxidative phosphorylation