Chapter 5 terms

Question 1

Civil Rights

Answer 1

The government protected rights of individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government or individuals.

Question 2

Thirteenth Amendment

Answer 2

One of the three Civil War Amendments; specifically bans slavery in the United States.

Question 3

Black Codes

Answer 3

Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War.

Question 4

Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 4

One of the three Civil War Amendments; guarantees equal protection under the law to all U.S citizens.

Question 5

Equal Protection Clause

Answer 5

Section of the 14th Amendment that guarantees all citizens receive equal protection of the laws.

Question 6

Fifteenth Amendment

Answer 6

One of the three Civil War Amendments; specifically enfranchises newly freed male slaves.

Question 7

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 7

Laws enacted by Southern States that require segregation in public schools, theaters, hotels, and other public accommodations.

Question 8

Civil Rights cases (1883)

Answer 8

Name attached to five cases brought under the civil rights Act of 1875. In 1883 the Supreme Court decided that discrimination in a variety of public accommodation, including theaters, hotels, and railroads, could not be prohibited by the act because such discrimination was private, not state, discrimination

Question 9

Poll tax

Answer 9

A tax levied in many souther states and localities that had to be paid before an eligible voter could cast a ballot.

Question 10

grandfather clause

Answer 10

Voter qualification provision in many southern states that allowed only those citizens whose grandfathers had voted before Reconstruction to vote unless they passed a wealth or literacy test.

Question 11

Please v Ferguson

Answer 11

supreme Court case that challenged a Louisiana statute requiring that railroads provide spare accomodations for blacks and whites. the court found that septate but equal accommodations did not violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment

Question 12

suffrage movement

Answer 12

the drive or voting rights for women that took place in the united States from 1890 to 1920

Question 13

Nineteenth Amendment

Answer 13

Amendment to the constitution that guarantees women the right to vote

Question 14

Brown v. Board of education.

Answer 14

Supreme Court ruled separate is not equal

canceled segregation in public facilities like school.

Question 15

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Answer 15

Wide-ranging legislature passed by Congress to outlaw segregation public facilities and discrimination in employment, education, and voting; created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

Question 16

De jure discrimination

Answer 16

Racial Segregation that is a direct result of law or official policy.

Question 17

de facto segregation

Answer 17

racial discrimination that results from practice ( such as housing patterns or other social institutional non government factors) rather than the law

Question 18

Equal rights Amendment

Answer 18

proposed Amendment to the Constitution that states “Equality of rights under law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any state on account of sex.”

Question 19

Suspect classification

Answer 19

category or class, such as race, that triggers the highest standard of scrutiny from the supreme Court.

Question 20

strict scrutiny

Answer 20

a heightened sundaes of review used by the supreme Court to determine the constitutional validity of a challenged practice.

Question 21

Equal pay act of 1963

Answer 21

legislation that requires employers to pay men and women equal pay for equal work.

Question 22

Title IX

Answer 22

provisions of the education amendments of 1972 that bars educational institutions that receive federal funds from discrimating against female students

Question 23

affirmative action

Answer 23

policies designed to give special attention or compensatory treatment to members of a previously disadvantaged group