Chapter 5 Structure Of Matter Flashcards
Chemical Bond
The attractive force that holds atoms or ions together
Chemical Structure
The arrangement of atoms in a substance
Bond Length
The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms
Bond Angle
The angle formed by two bonds to the same atom
Hydrogen Bond
Attractions between water molecules
Ionic Bond
Bonds formed between oppositely charged ions
Metallic Bond
A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them
Covalent Bond
A bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Polyatomic Ion
An ion made of two or more atoms
Formula Unit
Networks that ionic compounds form into
Nonpolar Covalent Bond
Bonds where atoms share electrons equally
Polar Covalent Bond
The unequal sharing of electrons
Empirical Formula
A compound’s simplest formula that tells the composition of a compound in terms of the relative numbers and kinds of atoms in the simplest ratio
Molecular Formula
A chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule
Organic Compound
A covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides
Polymer
A large molecule that is formed by more than five small units, or monomers
Carbohydrate
Any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things
Protein
An organic compound that is a polymer of amino acids, and a principle component of all cells
Amino Acid
Any one of 20 different organic molecules that contain a carboxyl and an amino groups
Hydrocarbon
A compound that is made of only carbon and hydrogen atoms
Alkane
Hydrocarbons that have only single covalent bonds
Alkene
Hydrocarbons that contain double carbon-carbon bonds
DNA
A polymer with a complex structure. In the form of paired strands known as double helix. DNA determines your entire genetic makeup
