Chapter 12 Work And Energy Flashcards
Work
Transferring of energy to a body by the use of force that causes the body to move in the direction of the force
Power
Quantity that measures the rate of how work is done or energy is transformed
Mechanical advantage
Tells yo how much a machine multiplies force or increases the distance
Joule
How energy is measured
Watt
Measurement of power
Simple machines
The most basic machines
Compound machines
A machine that is made of more than one simple machine
Lever
Machine that have a rigid arm that turns around at a point and where force is transferred from one part to another
First class lever
Levers that have a fulcrum that is between the points of application of the input and output forces
Second class lever
Levers where the fulcrum is arm one end of the arm and the input force is applied to the other end
Third class levers
Levers that multiply distance rather than force
Pulley
Modified lever that is used to lift things
Block and tackle
A single unit where multiple pulleys that are put together
Wheel and axel
A lever that is connected to a shaft
Inclined plane
Helps turn a small input force into a large output force by spreading the work over a larger distance
Wedge
Turns a downward force into two forces directed out to the sides
Screw
Helps bind things closer together and keeping them together until you want them apart
Potential energy
Energy that an object has because of its position, shape, or condition
Kinetic energy
Energy of a moving object due to its motion
Mechanical energy
Amount of work an object can do because of its kinetic and potential energies
Elastic potential energy
Energy stored in any type of stretched or compressed elastic material
Gravitational potential energy
Energy that is stored in the gravitational field that is between any two or more objects
Nonmechanical energy
Doesn’t effect systems on large scale
Efficiency
The ratio of useful work out to work in
Open system
Systems that exchange energy with the space that surrounds them
Closed systems
System when the flow of energy into and out of a system is small enough that I could possibly be ignored
Perpetual motion machine
Theoretical machines that have complete absence of friction and air resistance
