Chapter 4 Atoms And Periodic Table

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

A small, dense substance that is located in the center of each atom
Positive electric charge

Question 2

Proton

Answer 2

A subatomic particle that has a positive charge

Question 3

Neutron

Answer 3

A subatomic particle that has no charge

Question 4

Electron

Answer 4

Subatomic particles with negative charges

Question 5

Orbital

Answer 5

A region in an atom where there is high probability of finding electrons

Question 6

Valence electron

Answer 6

Electrons found in the outermost shell of an atom and determine the atoms chemical properties

Question 7

Periodic Law

Answer 7

States that when elements are arranged in order of number of protons, the similarities in their protons will occur in a regular pattern

Question 8

Period

Answer 8

The horizontal rows in the periodic table

Question 9

Group

Answer 9

The vertical column of elements in the periodic table

Question 10

Ion

Answer 10

An atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained one electron and has a negative or positive charge

Question 11

Atomic Number

Answer 11

Number of an atom that equals the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 12

Mass Number

Answer 12

Number of an atom that equals the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus

Question 13

Isotope

Answer 13

An atom that has has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element do but has a different number of neutrons

Question 14

Atomic Mass Unit (amu)

Answer 14

Unit of mass that is equal to one twelfth of the mass of a carbon- 12 atom

Question 15

Average Atomic Mass

Answer 15

A weighted average of the masses of all naturally-occurring isotopes of an element

Question 16

Metal

Answer 16

Elements that are shiny and conduct heat and electricity well

Question 17

Nonmetal

Answer 17

All except Hydrogen of which are found on the right side of the periodic table, including solids, liquids, or gasses at room temperature

Question 18

Semiconductor

Answer 18

Element that can conduct electricity under certain conditions

Question 19

Alkali Metal

Answer 19

Very reactive elements on the periodic table

Found in group 1

Question 20

Alkaline-earth Metal

Answer 20

Elements that are somewhat less reactive than alkali metals including calcium
Found in group 2

Question 21

Transition Metal

Answer 21

Elects such as gold, iron and mercury which occupy groups 3-12 of the periodic table

Question 22

Halogen

Answer 22

Elements such as chlorine which are located in group 17 of the periodic table

Question 23

Noble Gas

Answer 23

Unreactive elements such as neon which make up group 18 of the periodic table

Question 24

Mole

Answer 24

The number of particles that is in the same as the number of atoms of carbon in 12g of carbon-12

Question 25

Avogadro’s Factor

Answer 25

The number of particles per mol of a substance:

6.022 x 10^23

Question 26

Molar Mass

Answer 26

The mass in grams of 1 mol of a substance

Question 27

Conversion Factor

Answer 27

A ratio that is derived from the equality of two different units