chapter 5 review

Question 1

mendeleev organized the chemical elements based on their

Answer 1

properties

Question 2

a horizontal row on the periodic table is called a

Answer 2

period

Question 3

the periodic law states that

Answer 3

the physical and chemical properties of the elements are function of their atomic number

Question 4

the electron configurations of main group elements end in

Answer 4

s and p orbitals

Question 5

alkali metals are found where

Answer 5

group 1

Question 6

a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound is called

Answer 6

electronegativity

Question 7

what group has full outer energy level when they are in the ground state

Answer 7

noble gases

Question 8

as electrons add to the s and p sub levels in the same main energy level, they are pulled closer to the more highly charged nucleus, causing

Answer 8

atomic radii to decrease in size

Question 9

what group has the lowest attraction for electrons in a compound

Answer 9

group 1

Question 10

wihch ionization energy is the largest

Answer 10

the fourth

Question 11

the metalloids are located on the period table between

Answer 11

the nonmetals and metals

Question 12

in his periodci table, Mendeleev did not list all of the elements in order of increasing atomic mass because he wanted to group together elements with similar

Answer 12

properties

Question 13

a new group was added to Mendeleev’s periodic table after the discovery of

Answer 13

noble gases

Question 14

Moseley discovered that elements with similar properties occurred at regular intervals when the elements were arranged in order of increasing

Answer 14

atomic number

Question 15

compared with the elements at the left end of the p block element group, the elements at the right end

Answer 15

are less metallic

Question 16

as the atomic number increases within a group of elements, the atomic radius

Answer 16

generally increases

Question 17

for each successive electron removed from an atom, the ionization energy

Answer 17

increases

Question 18

since the first energy level contains only the 1s sublevel, the number of elements in this period is

Answer 18

2

Question 19

the energy change when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom is called the

Answer 19

electron affinity of the atom

Question 20

the measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound is called

Answer 20

electronegativity

Question 21

the energy required to remove one electron from an atom is called its

Answer 21

ionization energy

Question 22

one half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together is the

Answer 22

atomic radius

Question 23

an atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge is called an

Answer 23

ion

Question 24

how do the properties of the transition metals compare with those of the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals

Answer 24

transition is typically less reactive. alkali metals are so reactive that they are not found in nature.

Question 25

describe the general trend in ionization energy

Answer 25

increase across period. decrease down a group.

Question 26

why are elements with high electron affinites also the most electronegative

Answer 26

negativity- measure of the ability of an atom to gain an electron.
Affinity- measure of ease of which an atom gains electrons.
If one is high than the other is high.

Question 27

how does the size of a cation compare with the size of the neutral atom

Answer 27

radius will be smaller than neutral

Question 28

how does the size of the anion compare with the size of the neutral atom

Answer 28

radius, with more electrons, is larger