chapter 22

Question 1

hydrocarbons that contain double bonds are referred to as

Answer 1

alkenes

Question 2

hydrocarbons that contain triple bonds are referred to as

Answer 2

alkynes

Question 3

alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons are all considered to be

Answer 3

unsaturated

Question 4

what does unsaturated mean

Answer 4

doesn’t have many hydrogens

Question 5

alkenes and alkynes do not dissolve in water and are

Answer 5

nonpolar

Question 6

the electron configuration of carbon in its ground state is

Answer 6

1s^2 2s^2 2p^2

Question 7

how many covalent bonds can a carbon atom ordinarily form

Answer 7

4

Question 8

carbon atoms form bonds readily with atoms of

Answer 8

both other elements and carbon

Question 9

what is used in making cold creams, lipsticks, and body lotions

Answer 9

glycerol

Question 10

large molecules made of many small units joined to each other in organic reactions are

Answer 10

polymers

Question 11

the covalent binding of an element to itself to form chins or rings is

Answer 11

catenation

Question 12

a saturated organic compound

Answer 12

contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 13

an atom or molecule is added to an unsaturated molecule, increasing the saturation of the molecule

Answer 13

addition

Question 14

a simple molecule is removed from adjacent carbon atoms of a larger molecule

Answer 14

elimination

Question 15

one or more atoms replace another atom or group of atoms in a molecule

Answer 15

substitution

Question 16

two molecules or parts of the same molecule combine

Answer 16

condensation

Question 17

what are cycloalkanes

Answer 17

alkanes in which the carbon atoms are arranged in a ring or cyclic structure

Question 18

how is the trend in alkane boiling points used in petroleum fractional distillation

Answer 18

alkanes with higher boiling points have higher condensation temperatures.
as the vapor rises in a fractionating column, it is cooled.
it is then separated into layers according to the different boiling points.

Question 19

uses for ethyne

Answer 19

fuel for torches

Question 20

two uses for ethene

Answer 20

used in petrol
fruit ripening
flowering plants