Chapter 5-Quest 1

Question 0

Cube-shaped

Answer 0

Short (carpals, tarsals)

Question 1

Longer than wide

Answer 1

Long bone (femur, humerus)

Question 2

Thin and flattened

Answer 2

Flat (skull, sternum)

Question 3

Odd-shaped

Answer 3

Irregular (vertebra, scapular)

Question 4

Near joints

Answer 4

Sesamoid (patella)

Question 5

Shaft, compact bone

Answer 5

Diaphysis

Question 6

Composes walls of diaphysis, dense and hard

Answer 6

Compact bone

Question 7

Membrane that lines the diaphysis

Answer 7

Periosteum

Question 8

Ends of bone made of spongy bone

Answer 8

Epiphyses

Question 9

Open space, needle-like pieces

Answer 9

Spongy bone

Question 10

Hyaline cartilage that lines epiphyses and absorbs shock

Answer 10

Articular cartilage

Question 11

Growth plate

Answer 11

Epiphyseal plate

Question 12

Remnant of growth plate

Answer 12

Epiphyseal line

Question 13

Hollow region of diaphysis filled with red or yellow marrow

Answer 13

Medullary cavity

Question 14

Fat in adults (type of marrow)

Answer 14

Yellow marrow

Question 15

Blood cell formation in kids (type of marrow)

Answer 15

Red marrow

Question 16

Mature bone cell

Answer 16

Osteocyte

Question 17

Cavities in matrix where bone cells are found

Answer 17

Lacunae

Question 18

Lacunae arranged in concentric circles

Answer 18

Lamellae

Question 19

“Tiny canals” connect osteocytes to central canal

Answer 19

Canaliculi

Question 20

(Haversian), opening for vessels/nerves

Answer 20

Central canal

Question 21

Central canal, matrix rings, lamella, lacunae, osteocytes

Answer 21

Osteon

Question 22

Perpendicular to shaft–communication to outside of bone

Answer 22

Volkmann’s canals

Question 23

Bone-forming cells

Answer 23

Osteoblasts

Question 24

Bone-destroying cells

Answer 24

Osteoclasts

Question 25

Bone forms from connective tissue (face, cranial, bones, clavicles)

Answer 25

Intramembranous ossification

Question 26

Bone replaces hyaline cartilage

Answer 26

Endochondral ossification

Question 27

Factors that affect bone growth/development

Answer 27

Hormones, genetics, exercise

Question 28

Bone breaks cleanly, closed fracture

Answer 28

Simple fracture

Question 29

Bone protrudes through skin, open fracture

Answer 29

Compound fracture

Question 30

Bone breaks into fragments, elderly brittle bones

Answer 30

Comminuted fracture

Question 31

Bone is crushed, back bones; porous bones

Answer 31

Compression fracture

Question 32

Broken bone is pressed inwards, skull fracture

Answer 32

Depression fracture

Question 33

Broken bone ends are forced into each other, breaking falls (hips, outstretched arms)

Answer 33

Impacted fractures

Question 34

Jagged break, twisting force, common in sports

Answer 34

Spiral fracture

Question 35

Bone breaks incompletely, children (bones are more flexible)

Answer 35

Greenstick fracture

Question 36

Fracture repair steps

Answer 36

1. Fracture hematoma
2. Internal callus
3. External callus
4. Internal and external calli meet

Question 37

Fracture repair steps explained

Answer 37

1. Blood filled swelling
2. (48 hours after) forms cartilage matrix inside
3. Hyaline cartilage and bone forms around break
4. Remodeling occurs until no evidence of fracture remains