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Anatomy, F Mod > Ch. 11 Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Ch. 11 Cardiovascular System Flashcards

0
Q

Cardiac muscle, responsible for contractions

A

Myocardium

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1
Q

Attaches to the surface of the heart

Aka visceral pericardium

A

Epicardium (outer layer of heart)

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2
Q

Endothelial tissue, continuous with the lining of the blood vessels

A

Endocardium

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3
Q

Valves on the right side of the heart are…

A

Tricuspid

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4
Q

Valves on the left side of the heart are…

A

Bicuspid

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5
Q

Valves open during ventricular contraction?

A

Semilunar valves

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6
Q

Valves closed during ventricular contraction?

A

AV valves

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7
Q

Prevent blood from reentering the heart

A

Semilunar valves

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8
Q

Guards exit at the pulmonary artery

A

Pulmonary semilunar valve

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9
Q

Guards (heart) exit at the aorta

A

Aortic semilunar valve

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10
Q

Attaches to surface of the heart

Aka epicardium

A

Visceral pericardium

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11
Q

Attaches to thoracic cavity wall

A

Parietal pericardium

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12
Q

What directly connects to a capillary?

A

Arterioles and venules

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13
Q

Main artery that supplies the systemic circulation with blood?

A

Aorta

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14
Q

Blood vessels that take blood to the vena cava are…

A

Systemic veins

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15
Q

What arteries carry oxygenated blood?

A

Systemic arteries

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16
Q

What arteries carry deoxygenated blood?

A

Pulmonary arteries

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17
Q

What veins carry oxygenated blood?

A

Pulmonary veins

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18
Q

What veins carry deoxygenated blood?

A

Systemic veins

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19
Q

Where is the SA node located?

A

Right atrium

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20
Q

Junction between the atria and ventricles

A

AV node

21
Q

Only site where any gas/nutrient exchange can occur in tissues

A

Capillary

22
Q

What type of blood enters the right atrium?

A

Deoxygenated

23
Q

What type of blood enters the left atrium?

A

Oxygenated

24
Q

Why is the left ventricle wall thicker?

A

It has to pump blood to the body

25
Q

“Heart strings”

Holds cusps to heart wall

A

Chordea tendinae

26
Q

Type of tunic that lines inside of the vessels; squamous epithelial (lines inner layer of vessels); cells are loose; slick surface to reduce friction

A

Tunica intima

27
Q

Type of tunic that is the middle layer; smooth muscle, changes blood pressure as vessels constrict/dilate

A

Tunica media

28
Q

Type of tunic that is the outer layer; fibrous connective tissue; supports/protects

A

Tunica externa

29
Q

How does the myocardium receive its own blood supply?

A

Through coronary arteries

30
Q

What blood vessels empty into the right atrium?

A

Superior and inferior vena cava/coronary sinus

31
Q

Region (of heart) that points toward left hip

A

Apex

32
Q

Wider region toward top of heart where large vessels branch off; points toward right shoulder

A

Base

33
Q

Divides atria

A

Interatrial septum

34
Q

Divides ventricles

A

Interventricular septum

35
Q

Drains the myocardium of un oxygenated blood

A

Coronary veins

36
Q

The coronary veins empty into…

A

Coronary sinus

37
Q

Atrial cells: BPM?

A

60 BPM

38
Q

Ventricular cells: BPM?

A

20-40 BPM

39
Q

Speed up or slows down heart rate in response to activity?

A

Autonomic nervous system

40
Q

List the 5 parts of the intrinsic conduction system in sequential order:

A

-SA node
-AV node
-Atrioventricular bundle
-bundle branches
Purkinje fibers

41
Q

Ventricular relaxation; measures minimum pressure

A

Diastole

42
Q

Ventricular contraction; measures maximum pressure

A

Systole

43
Q

Similarities between veins and arteries?

A

Both carry blood

44
Q

Differences between veins and arteries?

A

Veins: low pressure, carry blood towards heart, thinner walls, have valves, insides=larger
Arteries: carry blood away from heart, higher pressure, thicker walls to spend to accommodate blood

45
Q

Two types of arteries that branch off from the aorta?

A

Systemic and coronary

46
Q

Decrease in serous fluid, forms adhesions (disorder)

A

Pericarditis

47
Q

Chest pain; lack of oxygen in the myocardium (disorder)

A

Angina pectoris

48
Q

‘Heart attack,’ death of heart cells (disorder)

A

Myocardial infarction

49
Q

Heart defect where there are structural abnormalities (1/2 infant deaths) (disorder)

A

Congestive heart failure

50
Q

Thickening and toughening of arterial walls

A

Arteriosclerosis

Anatomy, F Mod (17 decks)

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