Chapter 10 Blood Review (Test)

Question 0

Characteristics of leukocytes

Answer 0

WBC
Fight against disease
Less than 1% blood volume 
Have nucleus 
Kill parasitic worms
Involved in immune system

Question 1

Functions of blood

Answer 1

River of life

Maintain electrolytes transports everything the body needs (waste/protein)

Question 2

Pathways cells can take in hematopoiesis?

Answer 2

Lymphoid–produce lymphocytes

Myeloid–produce all other cells

Question 3

All cells in your blood; include RBCs, WBCs, and platelets

Answer 3

Formed elements

Question 4

Where platelets originate from

Answer 4

Megakaryoctes

Question 5

WBCs ability to move in and out of blood vessels

Answer 5

Diapedesis

Question 6

RBCs; most numerous cells, about 45% of formed elements aka hematocrit

Answer 6

Erythrocytes

Question 7

These stem cells are crated in the red bone marrow

Answer 7

Hemocytoblasts

Question 8

How is blood type determined?

Answer 8

By antigens on plasma membrane

Question 9

Cell pieces/fragments
Originate from megakaryoctes
IMPORTANT IN CLOTTING

Answer 9

Platelets

Question 10

Whitish layer between formed elements and plasma

Answer 10

Buffy coat

Question 11

Chemicals released by damaged tissue to signal

Answer 11

Positive chemotaxis

Question 12

How long does clotting occur in hemostasis?

Answer 12

3-6 minutes

Question 13

Which WBCs are granulated/agranulated?

Answer 13

Granulated: neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils
Agranulated: lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 14

Components of plasma

Answer 14

Water (90%)
Salts and gases
Fibrinogens, globulins, albumin (proteins)

Question 15

Blood clot attached to blood vessel wall

Answer 15

Thrombus

Question 16

Floating clot within vessels, bad when reaches heart or lungs

Answer 16

Embolus

Question 17

Most common blood type?

Answer 17

O Rh+

Question 18

Disorder where there is not enough platelets and abnormal bleeding

Answer 18

Thrombocytopenia

Question 19

Colony stimulating factors; stimulates WBC production

Answer 19

CSF

Question 20

Universal donor?

Answer 20

O

Question 21

Universal recipient?

Answer 21

AB

Question 22

Characteristics of blood

Answer 22

pH of 7.35-7.45
Temp. of 100.4
8% of body weight
5-6 liters

Question 23

Hereditary bleeding disorder due to lack of any clotting factor

Answer 23

Hemophilia

Question 24

3 phases of hemostasis

Answer 24

Platelet plug formation
Vascular spasm
Coagulation (blood clot)

Question 25

4 types of blood?

Answer 25

A, B, AB, O

Question 26

Erythroprotein; hormone released by kidneys that controls RBC formation

Answer 26

EPO

Question 27

Differences in Rh can cause problems in…

Answer 27

Blood donation and pregnancy (if mom is Rh-)

Question 28

If you get the wrong blood type, what can occur?

Answer 28

Agglutination-clumping of the blood

Question 29

What helps to increase clotting?

Answer 29

Gauze and pressure

Question 30

Disorder with high number of RBCs, increased blood viscosity

Answer 30

Polycythemia

Question 31

Fe proteins; transports oxygen

Answer 31

Hemoglobin

Question 32

Percentage breakdown of blood

Answer 32

• 45-46% is formed elements
• > 45% of formed elements are RBCs
• > less than 1% are WBCs
• The other 55% is plasma

Question 33

Granulated WBCS (granulocytes) 
1. active phagocytes that increase rapidly during short term/acute infection 
What percent do they make up?

Answer 33

Neutrophils, 40-70%

Question 34

Granulated WBCs (granulocytes)
2. Kill parasitic worms, increase during allergy attacks
Percentage?

Answer 34

Eosinophils, 1-4%

Question 35

Granulated WBCs, granulocytes
3. Contain histamine which is discharged at the site of inflammation
Percentage?

Answer 35

Basophils, 0-1%

Question 36

Agranulocytes (WBCs)

1. Part of immune system; involved in graft rejection, fighting tumors and viruses

Answer 36

Lymphocytes; 20-45%

Question 37

Agranulocytes, WBCs
2. Active phagocytes that become macrophages involved in long-term cleanup
Percentage?

Answer 37

Monocytes, 4-8%