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IFSTA Pumping Apparatus Driver/Operator Third Edition > Chapter 5 - Principles of Water > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Principles of Water Flashcards

1
Q

The forward velocity pressure while water is flowing from a discharge opening is considered:

A

flow pressure.

page 176

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2
Q

For the same discharge, friction loss varies inversely as the ____ power of the diameter of the hose.

A

5th power

page 179

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3
Q

Atmospheric pressure at sea level is considered to be:

A

14.7 psi (100 kPa).

page 174

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4
Q

Because a large amount of heat is required to change water to steam, this allows:

A

more heat to be absorbed from the fire.

See page 169

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5
Q

Water is considered to be virtually _______ and its weight varies at different _________.

A

incompressible
temperatures

See page 167

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6
Q

At 212°F (100°C), water converted to steam occupies approximately ____ times its original volume.

A

1,700

page 169

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7
Q

Which of the following refers to a fire hydrant that receives water from two or more directions?

A

Circulating feed or looped line

page 184

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8
Q

Which principle of pressure is illustrated when two containers hold two different liquids of different depths, but the pressure at the bottom of each container is approximately the same?

A

The pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to the density of the liquid.

page 173

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9
Q

The pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to the _____ of the liquid.

A

density

page 173

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10
Q

Which means of moving water uses a primary water source located at a higher elevation than the distribution system?

A

Gravity system

page 183

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11
Q

In order to convert head in feet to head pressure in psi, you must divide the number of feet by:

A

2.304

page 175

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12
Q

The portion of total available pressure not used to overcome friction loss or gravity while forcing water through pipes, fittings, hoses, adapters

A

Residual pressure

page 176

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13
Q

A dead-end fire hydrant is a fire hydrant that:

A

receives water from only one direction.

page 184

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14
Q

The difference between static pressure and normal operating pressure is:

A

the friction caused by water flowing through the pipes, valves and fittings.

page 176

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15
Q

A gravity system uses two primary water sources, one at a ____________ and one at a ____________.

A

higher elevation
lower elevation

page 183

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16
Q

An advantage to having separate piping arrangements for a private water supply system is neither of the systems is affected by ___________ to the other

A

service interruptions

page 189

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17
Q

When water converts to a gas, water vapor, or steam, the water:

A

only becomes visible as it rises away from the surface of the liquid and begins to condense.

page 167

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18
Q

If a property is served by both the municipal system and a private source consisting of nonpotable water measures must be taken to prevent:

A

cross contamination.

page 188

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19
Q

Which type of valve is commonly used on private water supply systems and the words open or shut appear in a window as the valve approaches one position or the other?

A

Post indicator (PIV) valve

page 186

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20
Q

If a gate valve resists turning after fewer than the indicated number of turns required to close the valve, the:

A

condition should be reported to the responsible agency.

page 187

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21
Q

The first principle of friction loss states that if all other conditions are the same, friction loss varies directly with:

A

the length of hose or pipe.

page 178

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22
Q

Which term refers to stored potential energy available to force water through pipes, fittings, hose and adapters?

A

Static pressure

page 175

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23
Q

The first principle of pressure states that fluid pressure is:

A

perpendicular to any surface on which it acts.

page 172

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24
Q

What term refers to absolute zero pressure?

A

Perfect vacuum

page 175

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25
Q

The valves within a water distribution system should be inspected and operated _____ by the water supply utility.

A

yearly

page 186

26
Q

Water has greater _______________ than other common extinguishing agents.

page 169

A

heat-absorbing capacity

27
Q

When engineers estimate the amount of water that a large city needs, the requirements for fire protection will __________________ those for domestic/industrial needs.

A

far exceed

page 183

28
Q

In a grid system, large pipes (mains), with relatively widespread spacing, that convey large quantities of water to various points of the system for local distribution to smaller mains are called:
Select one:

A

primary feeders.

page 184

29
Q

Which type of valve has a yoke on the outside with threaded stem that controls the gate’s opening or closing and is most commonly used on sprinkler systems?

A

Outside screw and yoke (OS&Y) valve

page 186

30
Q

Friction loss in a water system ________ as length of hose or piping increases

A

increases

page 180

31
Q

Force per unit area

A

pressure

page 170

32
Q

Rates of consumption allow engineers and fire protection personnel to determine:

A

adequacy of the water distribution system.

page 188

33
Q

altitude impacts the production of fire streams because atmospheric pressure:

A

drops as height above sea level increases

page 176

34
Q

When a nozzle is above the level of the pump, there is:

A

pressure loss

page 176

35
Q

The second principle of pressure states that fluid pressure at a point in fluid at rest is:

A

the same intensity in all directions.

page 172

36
Q

For water supply, most communities use a combination of the _________ and ______ systems.

A

direct pumping
gravity systems

page 183

37
Q

When a large volume of water is needed in an area fire departments should request:

A

that water utility department increase water pressure

page 182

38
Q

Which means of moving water uses one or more pumps that take water from a primary source and discharge it through filtration and treatment processes?

A

Direct pumping system

page 183

39
Q

The forward velocity pressure while water is flowing from a discharge opening

A

Flow pressure

page 176

40
Q

Water is considered to be:

A

virtually incompressible

page 167

41
Q

In a grid system, a network of intermediate-sized pipes that reinforce the grid and aid the concentration of required fire flow at any point are called:

A

secondary feeders

page 185

42
Q

When water converts to steam within a closed space, the fire:

A

may be extinguished by smothering.

page 168

43
Q

Any pressure less than atmospheric pressure

A

Vacuum

page 175

44
Q

The smaller the hose, the greater the __________ needed to deliver the same volume.

A

velocity

page 179

45
Q

For the same discharge, friction loss varies inversely as the ______ power of diameter of hose.

A

fifth

page 179

46
Q

The most common type of valves used on most public water distribution systems

A

Nonindicating valves

page 186

47
Q

For fire protection purposes, ordinary fresh water is considered to weigh:

A

8.3 lb/gal (1 kg/L).

page 167

48
Q

The fifth principle of pressure states that the pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to the ___________________

A

density of the liquid.

page 173

49
Q

Most commonly, private water supply systems receive their water from a

A

municipal water supply system.

page 188

50
Q

The fourth principle of pressure states that the pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to

A

its depth

page 173

51
Q

The fourth principle of friction loss states that for a given velocity, friction loss is approximately

A

the same, regardless of pressure on the water.

page 179

52
Q

a circulating feed or looped line is when a fire hydrant receives water from:

A

two or more directions

page 184

53
Q

Who should the fire department coordinate with before flushing hydrants in nonemergency situations?

A

Local water authority

page 188

54
Q

Radiant heat easily passes through water, rendering water curtains ___________

A

ineffective.

page 169

55
Q

The sixth principle of pressure states that the pressure of a liquid at the bottom of a vessel is independent of:

A

the shape of the vessel

page 174

56
Q

The piping for fire protection and domestic/industrial services for private water supply systems are almost always:

A

separate.

page 189

57
Q

The third principle of pressure states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted:

A

equally in all directions.

page 172

58
Q

Water may be used to smother fires in a combustible liquid when the liquid’s specific gravity is

A

higher than 1.

page 168

59
Q

The second principle of friction loss illustrates that friction loss develops much faster than:

A

change in velocity.

page 178

60
Q

What is the MAIN concern of fire departments regarding water treatment facilities?

A

Maintenance failure or other events could disable pumping station(s) or severely hamper the purification process

page 184

IFSTA Pumping Apparatus Driver/Operator Third Edition (15 decks)

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