Chapter 5 - pathology

Question 1

Hill-Sachs Defect

Answer 1

a compression fx. or defect involving the articular surface of the humeral head. Often associated with shoulder trauma and-or anterior dislocations of the shoulder.

Question 2

Impacted fx.

Answer 2

a bony fragment is wedged into another fragment. Common in shoulder and hip fractures.

Question 3

Articular fx.

Answer 3

fx. involving the joint surface.

Question 4

Pathologic fx.

Answer 4

fracture due to bone destruction caused by disease. Cancer is the primary cause. The fx. may not be caused by trauma, but by routine activities like putting on a coat.

Question 5

Fracture Dislocation

Answer 5

A fx. accompanied by a bone out of joint.

Question 6

AC Dislocation

Answer 6

Distal clavicle is usually displaced superiorly causing widening of the AC joint space.

Question 7

Rotator cuff tear

Answer 7

traumatic injury to one or more of the muscles that make up the rotator cuff.

Question 8

Tendonitis

Answer 8

inflammation condition of the tendon

Question 9

Bursitis

Answer 9

inflammation of the bursa or fluid-filled sacs enclosing the joints

Question 10

Dislocation/Luxation

Answer 10

dislocation of a bone from a joint

Question 11

Subluxation

Answer 11

partial dislocation

Question 12

AC joint separation

Answer 12

trauma to the upper shoulder region resulting in a partial or complete tear of the AC or coracoclavicular (CC) ligament or both ligaments

Question 13

Bankart lesion

Answer 13

an injury of the anteroinferior aspect of the glenoid labrum. Caused by repeated dislocation of the humerus

Question 14

Idiopathic chronic adhesive capsulitis

Answer 14

frozen shoulder - disability of the shoulder joint that is caused by chronic inflammation in and around the joint. It is characterized by pain and limitation of motion

Question 15

shoulder dislocation

Answer 15

traumatic removal of the humeral head from the glenoid cavity usually anteriorly