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Positioning 1 > Chapter 3 notes - abdomen > Flashcards

Chapter 3 notes - abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Most common radiograph of the abdomen is

A

AP supine, (pubic symphysis to zyphoid tip, side to side)

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2
Q

3 common terms for AP supine

A

Plain film, KUB, flat plate

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3
Q

AAS

A

Acute Abdominal Series

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4
Q

Abd Rtn

A

Abdominal Routine

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5
Q

2 view abd.

A

KUB, erect

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6
Q

3 view abd

A

KUB, PA chest, and either an erect OR lf lat decub

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7
Q

4 view abd

A

KUB, erect, PA chest, AND lf lat decub

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8
Q

Why is a PA chest included in an Abd series?

A

check for air under the diaphragm. (rt side)

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9
Q

Abdominal radiograph is taken on?

A

expiration

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10
Q

4 reasons for doing an Abd Series

A

Bowel obstruction, perforation, excessive fluid, mass

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11
Q

3 major abd muscles

A

Diaphragm, rt psoas, lt psoas

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12
Q

Abd organs -digestive

A

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, sm intestine, lg intestine

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13
Q

Abd organs - biliary

A

liver, gall bladder

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14
Q

Abd organs- urinary

A

kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

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15
Q

Accessory organs to the digestive system

A

liver, pancreas, & gall bladder

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16
Q

Oral cavity

A

mouth

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17
Q

esophagus empties into the?

A

stomach

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18
Q

folds of the stomach are called?

A

rugae

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19
Q

Small intestine are about how long?

A

15-18 feet

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20
Q

3 parts of the small intestines

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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21
Q

duodenum length

A

10 inches

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22
Q

name for duodenum

A

sphincter of odi

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23
Q

jejunum has what kind of appearance?

A

feathery

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24
Q

Ileum has what kind of appearance

A

smooth

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25
iileocecal valve is located where?
end of sm intestine, connects with the cecum
26
large intestines are how long?
5-6 feet
27
cecum is located where?
directly below the ileocecal valve
28
what is attached to the cecum?
appendix
29
another name for appendix
vermiform
30
4 parts of the colon
Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid
31
right colic flexure is called
hepatic
32
left colic flexure is called
splenic
33
final part of lg intestine
rectum
34
terminal opening of lg intestine
anus
35
largest solid organ of the body
liver
36
liver produces what?
bile
37
gall bladder is what shape
pear
38
where is the gall bladder located?
underneath the liver
39
what does the gall bladder do
stores & concentrates bile
40
can you see the gall bladder with an x-ray
not without contrast
41
what modality is used to see the gall bladder
ultrasound
42
pancreas is part of what system?
endocrine & exocrine
43
what does the pancreas produce?
hormones, insuline
44
can you live without your spleen?
yes
45
the spleen belongs to what system?
lymphatic
46
what does the kidneys do?
removes waste & excess h2o
47
what sits on top of the kidneys?
suprarenal glands
48
ureters do what?
carrier urine to the bladder from the kidneys
49
urinary bladder does what?
stores urine
50
urethra does what?
passes urine to the exterior
51
is the urethra shorter in men or women?
women
52
shape of the kidneys
bean
53
which side of the kidneys is higher?
left
54
IVU
intravenous urogram
55
IVU is done why
check for kidney stones
56
another name for IVU
IVP - intravenous pyelogram
57
large double walled saclike membrane that covers the abdominal organs
peritoneum
58
adheres to the cavity wall
parietal peritoneum (clothes)
59
portion covering organs
visceral peritoneum (blanket)
60
another name for the lesser omentum
omentum bursa
61
binds organs to each other and the abdominal wall
mesentery (afghan)
62
hooks the inferior part of the stomach to the transverse colon
greater omentum
63
connects the superior portion of the stomach to parts of the liver
lesser omentum
64
another name for the greater omentum
fatty apron
65
infraperitoneal
under - beneath
66
intraperitoneal
within
67
retroperitoneal
behind
68
infraperitoneal - organs
lower rectum, urinary bladder, & reproduction organs
69
intraperitoneal - organs
liver, gall bladder, spleen, stomach, jejunum, ileum, cecum, transverse colon, & sigmoid colon
70
retroperitoneal
kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands, pancreas, c-loop of duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon, upper rectum, major blood vessels (aorta, inferior vena cava)
71
RUQ - what parts
liver, gall bladder, rt. hepatic flexure, duodenum, head of pancreas, rt. kidney, rt. suprarenal gland
72
LUQ - what parts
spleen, stomach, splenic flexure, tail of pancreas, lt. kidney, lt. suprarenal gland
73
RLQ - what parts
ascending colon, appendix, cecum, 2/3 ileum, ileocecal valve
74
LLQ - what parts
descending colon, sigmoid colon, 2/3 jejunum
75
what is the 9 body regions?
rt. & Lf. hypochondriac, epigastric; rt. & Lf. lateral (lumbar), umbilical; rt. & Lf. inguinal (iliac} pubic (hypogastric).
76
what is the 4 planes of the 9 regions of the body?
rt. & lt. lateral planes, transpyloric plane & transtubercular plane
77
what should you do to your room b/4 a patient ever enters?
clean it, prepare it, and make sure you have your markers ready.
78
why is it that a barium enema should not be done if a patient has ulcerative colitis?
possible perforation of bowel obsrtuction
79
AP abdomen - cr, ir, etc.
14x17 CR iliac crest, marker, midline, bladder shot on 10x12 if clip bladder. exhalation,
80
criteria for AP Abdomen
pubic symphysis, outline of spleen, liver & kidneys
81
erect abdomen cr
top of armpits or 2 inches above crest
82
lateral decub. cr
2 inches above crest - need diaphragm. don't need pubic symphysis.
83
why is it that a barium enema should not be done if a patient has ulcerative colitis?
possible perforation of bowel obsrtuction
84
AP abdomen - cr, ir, etc.
14x17 CR iliac crest, marker, midline, bladder shot on 10x12 if clip bladder. exhalation,
85
criteria for AP Abdomen
pubic symphysis, outline of spleen, liver & kidneys
86
erect abdomen cr
top of armpits or 2 inches above crest
87
lateral decub. cr
2 inches above crest - need diaphragm. don't need pubic symphysis.
88
If you can't find landmarks on a large patient, what do you do?
ask where there bellybutton is or elbows

Positioning 1 (11 decks)

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