chapter 2 notes - chest

Question 1

another name for chest

Answer 1

thorax

Question 2

3 divisions of the thorax

Answer 2

bony thorax, respiratory system, & mediastinum

Question 3

bony thorax framework

Answer 3

sternum, 2 clavicles, 2 scapulae, 12 pair of ribs, and 12 thoracic vertebrae

Question 4

3 parts of the sternum

Answer 4

manubrium, body, and xiphoid process

Question 5

name 2 positioning landmarks for chest positioning

Answer 5

vertebra prominens and jugular notch

Question 6

parts of the mediastinum

Answer 6

thymus gland, heart, greater vessels (aorta, subclavians, & inferior and superior vena cava), trachea, and esophagus

Question 7

4 divisions of the respiratory system

Answer 7

pharynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs

Question 8

pharynx is a passageway for what?

Answer 8

food and air

Question 9

3 parts of the pharynx

Answer 9

oropharynx, nasopharynx, laryngopharynx

Question 10

when talking about the oropharynx, the hard plate, soft plate, and the uvula make up what?

Answer 10

the roof of the mouth

Question 11

the location of the esophagus compared to the trachea is where?

Answer 11

posterior until the diaphragm where it empties into the stomach

Question 12

larynx is called

Answer 12

the voice box

Question 13

trachea is called

Answer 13

windpipe

Question 14

laryngeal prominence in called

Answer 14

adam’s apple

Question 15

the cartilaginous flap that covers the larynx and trachea during the act of swallowing

Answer 15

epiglottis

Question 16

the thyroid gland is sensitive to what?

Answer 16

radiation.

Question 17

what does the thyroid gland do?

Answer 17

releases hormones to regulate body metabolism, body growth, development, and activity of the nervous system.

Question 18

parathyroid glands are located where?

Answer 18

they are attached to the thyroid

Question 19

parathyroid glands do what?

Answer 19

release hormones

Question 20

the thymus gland is prominent when?

Answer 20

in childhood

Question 21

the thymus gland disappears when?

Answer 21

as adults

Question 22

the thymus gland is at maximum size when?

Answer 22

at puberty

Question 23

the prominence of the lower trachea where it divides

Answer 23

carina

Question 24

what does the alveoli do?

Answer 24

exchange O2 and CO2

Question 25

what happens to alveoli when emphysema is present?

Answer 25

become distended

Question 26

what the lung is made of

Answer 26

parenchyma

Question 27

the lungs are contained in a doubled wall sac called

Answer 27

pleura

Question 28

the outside wall of the pleura

Answer 28

parietal pleura

Question 29

the inside wall of the pleura

Answer 29

visceral pleura

Question 30

the lubricant of the pleura cavity

Answer 30

surfactant

Question 31

the top of the lungs

Answer 31

apex

Question 32

another name for where the carina separates

Answer 32

bifucates

Question 33

the muscle that the base of the lungs rest on.

Answer 33

diaphragm

Question 34

the lower angles of the lungs

Answer 34

costophrenic angles

Question 35

air is what color

Answer 35

black

Question 36

blood in the pleura cavity

Answer 36

hemothorax

Question 37

air in the pleural cavity - collapsed lung

Answer 37

pneumothorax

Question 38

the double wall sac of the heart

Answer 38

pericardial sac

Question 39

free air - where do you find it and what causes it?

Answer 39

right side , perforation

Question 40

mediastinum

Answer 40

medial portion of the thoracic cavity b/w the lungs

Question 41

mediastinum contains

Answer 41

thymus gland, heart and greater vessels, trachea, and the esophagus

Question 42

situs inversus

Answer 42

persons organs are on the opposite side

Question 43

the greater vessels consist of?

Answer 43

inferior and superior vena cava, aorta, and large pulmonary arteries and veins.

Question 44

what does the superior vena cava do?

Answer 44

returns blood to the heart from the upper half of the body

Question 45

what does the inferior vena cava do?

Answer 45

returns blood to the heart from the lower half of the body

Question 46

three parts of the aorta?

Answer 46

ascending, arch, and descending

Question 47

the trachea and esophagus switch when?

Answer 47

at the diaphragm

Question 48

which way should the cassette be placed for a PA chest for most women?

Answer 48

lenghtwise

Question 49

a minimum of how many ribs should you see on a PA chest?

Answer 49

10

Question 50

if you are looking for pneumothorax, what kind of CXR should be done?

Answer 50

a PA chest on inspiration and a PA chest on expiration

Question 51

definition of artifacts.

Answer 51

something on the x-ray that shouldn't be there.

Question 52

what should be removed before taking a CXR?

Answer 52

jewelry, necklace, nipple rings, bra, gown snaps

Question 53

which marker is used for a Decub?

Answer 53

mark the side that is up

Question 54

what are you looking for in an erect CXR?

Answer 54

air fluid levels