CHAPTER 5: Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

cells that have ability to divide without limit and give rise to specialized cells

A

stem cells

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2
Q

somato

A

body

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3
Q

forms the covering of both internal and external surfaces (skin and lining of cavities). cells are joined by small amounts of cementing substances.

A

epithelial tissue

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4
Q

supports and binds other body tissue and parts. (bone and fat cells, for example)

A

connective tissue

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5
Q

is composed of fibers that are able to contract, causing movement of body parts and organs.

A

muscular tissue

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6
Q

conducts impulses that connect the brain and spinal cord with other parts of the body.

A

nervous tissue

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7
Q

consists of several organs that work together to accomplish a set of functions

A

body system

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8
Q

refers to the constant internal environment that is naturally maintained by the body.

A

homeostasis

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9
Q

homeo

A

sameness

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10
Q

-stasis

A

controlling

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11
Q

a-

A

without

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12
Q

-plasia

A

formation

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13
Q

dys

A

bad

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14
Q

hypo

A

below nowmal

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15
Q

hyper

A

above normal

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16
Q

the lack of development of an organ or tissue

A

aplasia

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17
Q

any abnormal development of tissues, recognized by cells that differ in size, shape and appearance.

A

dysplacia

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18
Q

underdevelopment of an organ or a tissue, and is less severe than aplasia

A

hypoplasia

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19
Q

an increase in the size of an organ caused by an increase in the size of existing cells rather than the number of cells (as in hyperplasia)

A

hypertrophy

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20
Q

is characteristic of malignant tumors

A

anaplasia

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21
Q

hyper

A

more than normal

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22
Q

-trophy

A

nutrition

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23
Q

-plasia

A

formation

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24
Q

the position that a person is in while standing erect with the arms at the sides and the palms forward.

A

anatomic position

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25
nearer to or toward the front; ventral
anterior
26
nearer to or toward the back; dorsal; situated behind
posterior
27
belly side; same as anterior surface in humans
ventral
28
directed toward or situated on the back side; same as posterior surface in humans
dorsal
29
middle or near the middle
medial, median
30
toward the side; denoting a position farther from the midline of the body or from a structure
lateral
31
uppermost or above
superior
32
lowermost or below
inferior
33
nearer the origin or point of attachment
proximal
34
far or distant from the origin or point of attachment
distal
35
toward the head
cephalad
36
toward the tail or an inferior direction in humans
caudad
37
inside, within
internal
38
outside
external
39
divides the body into front and back portion
frontal plane
40
divides the body into upper and lower portions
transverse plane
41
divides the body into right and left sides
sagittal plane
42
divides the body into two equal halves
midsagittal plane
43
is the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces downward
pronation
44
is the rotation of a joint that allows the hand or foot to turn upward
supination
45
means lying down
recumbent
46
describes a person who is able to walk
ambulant
47
cavities located near the posterior part of the body
dorsal cavity
48
cavities located near the anterior part of the body
ventral cavity
49
the dorsal cavity is divided into:
cranial and spinal cavities
50
large organs contained in the ventral cavity are called....
viscera
51
the ventral cavity is divided into:
thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
52
divides the thoracic and and abdominopelvic cavity.
diaphragm
53
lines the abdominopelvic cavity and enfolds the internal organs
perotoneum
54
dorso
back
55
ventro
belly
56
cranio
skull
57
spino
spine
58
thoraco
chest
59
abdomino
abdomen
60
pelvi
pelvis
61
-eum
membrane
62
abdomino
abdomen
63
acro
extremeties
64
blepharo
eyelid
65
cysto
cyst, bladder or sac
66
dactylo
digit (toes, fingers or both)
67
laparo
abdominal wall
68
omphalo/ umbilico
umbilicus (navel)
69
onycho
nail
70
pelvi
pelvis
71
peritono
peritoneum
72
soma/somato
body
73
thoraco
chest (thorax)
74
means pertaining to the extremities of the body (arms and legs)
acral
75
is dermatitis of the extremities
acrodermatitis
76
cyanosis of the extremities, the arms and legs appear bluish
acroyanosis
77
abnormal coldness of extremities
acrohypothermy
78
is a disorder in which there is abnormal enlargement of the body extremities
acromegaly
79
the chest is also called>>>
thorax
80
portion of the body trunk that is located between the chest and the pelvis.
abdomen
81
are often used to describe the location of pain or body structures.
abdominal quadrants
82
surgical puncture of the chest wall for aspiration of fluids could be called___
thoracocentesis/thoracentesis
83
is the lower portion of the body trunk
pelvis
84
means pertaining to a pelvis, usually the bony pelvis, as is the case here.
pelvic
85
refers to the head of the fetus and the maternal pelvis
cephalopelvic
86
is an adjective that pertains to the abdomen and the thorax
abdominothoracic
87
surgical procedure that is performed to remove excess fluids from the abdominal cavity or to inject a therapeutic agent.
abdomino centesis/ abdominal paracentesis
88
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
acsites
89
can result if infectious microorganisms gain access by way of surgical incisions or by the rupture or perforation of viscera associated structures.
peritonitis
90
congenital herniation of navel
omphalocele
91
protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening in the wall of all the cavity that surrounds it
hernia
92
pertaining to the palm
palmar
93
means the sole, or undersurface of the foot
plantar
94
study of fingerprints
dactylography
95
means cramping of a finger or toe
dactylospasm
96
inflammation of the bones of the fingers and toes
dactylitis
97
means pertaining to the hands and feet
chiropody
98
cramping of the hand, such as writer's cramp
chirospasm
99
habitually bites the nail
onychophagist
100
any disease of nails
onychopaty
101
means a disease of the nails caused by a fungus
onychomycosis
102
surgical removal removal of nail
onychectomy
103
accumulation of fluid in the interstitial compartment results in a condition ____
edema