chapter 5 (opioids)

Question 1

endogenous

Answer 1

made within the body

Question 2

exogenous

Answer 2

made outside of the body

Question 3

naloxone

Answer 3

competitive antagonist at mu receptors used to treat opiate overdose. brand names: suboxone, targin.

Question 4

endogenous opioid peptides

Answer 4

often referred to as endorphins. class of chemicals produced inside the body that mimics the effects of opioid drugs. endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins.

Question 5

naltrexone

Answer 5

long-lasting form of naloxone for treatment of opioid addiction. brand names: revia, relistor.

Question 6

disinhibition

Answer 6

neural mechanism whereby inhibition occurs on an inhibitory process, resulting in a net excitation/excitatory output.

Question 7

detoxification

Answer 7

process of drug withdrawal in which the body is allowed to rid itself of the chemical effects of the drug in the bloodstream.

Question 8

methadone

Answer 8

synthetic (lab-based) opioid useful in treating heroin abuse.

Question 9

methadone maintenance treatment

Answer 9

program for heroin abusers in which heroin is replaced by the long-term intake of methadone.

Question 10

methadone

Answer 10

slower acting & more slowly metabolized than heroin, so it can be absorbed orally. effects last ~24 hours. prevents cravings for heroin by binding to endorphin-sensitive receptors but rush of high is avoided.

Question 11

levo-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM)

Answer 11

synthetic narcotic drug used in treatment of of heroin abuse. brand name orlaam. not approved in canada. longer duration than methadone.

Question 12

buprenorphine

Answer 12

synthetic (lab-based) opioid used in treatment of heroin abuse. brand name is butrans & suboxone (this one combo w naloxone.)

Question 13

therapeutic communities

Answer 13

living environments for individuals in treatment for heroin and other drug abuse, where they learn social and psychological skills needed to lead a drug-free life.

Question 14

multimodality programs

Answer 14

treatment programs in which a combination of detoxification, psychotherapy, and group support is implemented.

Question 15

antitussive

Answer 15

having an effect that controls coughing.

Question 16

dextromethorphan

Answer 16

popular nonnarcotic ingredient used in over-the-counter cough remedies. the “DM” designation on these preparations refers to dextromethorphan.

Question 17

oxycontin

Answer 17

controlled-release form of oxycodone used in the treatment of chronic pain that has been discontinued in canada.

Question 18

oxyneo

Answer 18

time-release form of oxycodone that is difficult to snort, smoke, inject. it is replacement for oxycontin in canada.

Question 19

carfentanil

Answer 19

highly potent and dangerous opioid that is used to tranquilize large animals.