Chapter 5: motor development

Question 1

The Maturation Approach (Gesell)

Answer 1

Driven by genetics

Focus on reflexes and motor milestones

Question 2

The Dynamic Systems View (Thelen)

Answer 2

Perception and action are “coupled”

Perceive environment, create motor action as solution to problem/goal

Focus on function of motor behavior (“task”)

Question 3

Reflexes

Answer 3

Infants show involuntary movements called reflexes

Disappear around 4 months, as movement becomes VOLUNTARY

Question 4

Voluntary Movement

Answer 4

Gross motor skills: coordination of large muscle movements in the body (head, neck, trunk/torso, legs)

Fine motor skills: coordination of small muscle movements (fingers, toes)

Question 5

Examples of Developmental Milestones

Answer 5

Social Smiling: begins 2-3 months
Makes eye contact: 0-3 months
Walking Independently: 11 to 13 months
Shakes head to say, “no”: 7-9 months

Question 6

Sensation

Answer 6

information → sensory receptors

Question 7

Perception

Answer 7

Interpretation of sensory information

Question 8

Ecological View

Answer 8

Perceptual system selects info in the environment so we can adapt to it

“Affordances”

Question 9

Intermodal Perception

Answer 9

Integrating information from two or more sensory modalities, such as vision and hearing

Most perception is intermodal

Question 10

Perceptual-Modal Coupling

Answer 10

Individuals perceive in order to move and move in order to perceive