Chapter 5 Module 1

Question 1

4 tissue categories

Answer 1

Epithelial, connective, nervous, muscular
- differ in types of functions and cells, characteristics of the matrix (ecm) sand relative amount of spare occupied by cells vs matrix

Question 2

Organ

Answer 2

Structure w discrete boundaries made of 2 or more tissues

Question 3

Histology

Answer 3

The study of tissues and how they are arranged into organs

Question 4

What is tissue

Answer 4

Group of similar cells and cell products that come from same region of the embryo and work together to s perform a peciric structural or physiological role in an organ

Question 5

Matrix

Answer 5

Extracellular material made of fibrous proteins,

Question 6

Embryonic tissues

Answer 6

1st tissues appear when cells made from the division of the fertilized egg Start to organize into layers

Question 7

3 primary germ layers

Answer 7

Endoderm layer (outer): gives rise to epidermis and nervous system
Endoderm (inner): gives rise to mucus membrane lining Digestive and respiratory tract.
Mesoderm (middle): becomes gelatinous tissue called mesenchyme and gives rise to muscle, bone, blood,

Question 8

Epithelial tissue

Answer 8

• consist of flat sheet of closely adherent cells one or more cells thick
• covers body surface and lines body cavities
• forms the external and internal winnings of many organs
• upper surface is exposed to the surroundings
• forms most glands
• minimal ecm
• Lie on layer of loose connective tissue to depend on its blood vessels for nourishment and waste removal
• avascular: no blood supply
• basement membrane: layer between epithelium andthe underlying connective tissue
• basal surface: Surface of epithelial cell facing basement membrane
• apical surface: Surface that faces away from basement membrane

Question 9

Types of epithelia

Answer 9

Simple : single layer of epithelial cells

stratified: more than one layer

Question 10

Simple epithelia types

Answer 10

• Simple squamous: thin, scaly cells
• simple cuboidal: square or round cells
• simple columnar: tall, narrow cells
• psuedostratified columnar: looks stratified, but is simple

Question 11

Simple squamous epithelium

Answer 11

Single row of thin cells that permits rapid difusion or transport of sub.
Secretes serous fluid

Alveoli, glomeruli, endothelium, and serosa

Question 12

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 12

Single layer of square or round D cells that are involved in absorb and secrete s mucus production, and movement

Areas of secretion: liver, thyroid, mamary and Salvatore glands

Question 13

Simple columnar epithelium

Answer 13

Single row of tall and narrow cells that have an oval nuclei in basal half of cell J a brush border of microvili, ciliates in some organs, and may posses goblet cells
Aid in absorption and secretion of mucus

Icing of gi tract, uterus, kidney, and uterine tubes

Question 14

Psuedostratified columnar cells

Answer 14

Looks multilayered (all touch basement membrane) and have nuclei at several layers
Have cilia and goblet cells and secretes and propel mucus

Respiratory tract and male uretha

Question 15

Stratified epithelia

Answer 15

2-20 or more layers of cells where only the deepest layer connects to the basement membrane

Question 16

Stratified squamous

Answer 16

• The most widespread epithelium
• The deepest layers undergo mitosis and then die aflame Off as they move up through the layers
• a types, keratinized and nonkeratinized
• kevatinized: found on shin surface, abrasion resistant
• honkeratinized: lacks surface layer of dead cells

Question 17

Stratified cuboidal

Answer 17

• Multiple layers of cubical cells hormone production

- secrete sweat, sperm production, and ovarian.

Question 18

Stratified columnar

Answer 18

• Rare
• where a types of epithelia ment meet
• found in pharynx

Question 19

Transitional epithelium

Answer 19

• Multilayered epithelium where surface cells change from round to flat when stretched
• found in ureter and bladder
• Allows for filling of urinary bladder tract

Question 20

Keratinied stratified squamous

Answer 20

• Multiple cell layers W cells dying and becoming flat and scaly at surfaces,
• Epidermis.
• resist abrasion, retards water loss through skin, resist pathogen penetration

Question 21

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous

Answer 21

• Same as keratinieed w out the layer of dead cells
• on tongue, oval mucosa, esophagus, vagina That are exposed to outside world
• resist abrasion and pathogen penetration