Chapter 3 Module 3

Question 1

What do the extensions of the cell surface do and what are they

Answer 1

• Aid in absorption, movement, and sensory processing

- microvilli s villa, flagella, pseudopods

Question 2

Microvilli

Answer 2

• Increase surface area of small intestine
• extension of the cell membrane
• actin microfilaments are centered in each microvili

Question 3

Cilia

Answer 3

Nonmotile primary cilium: single, found on nearly every cell

• Has an antenna for monitoring conditions
• sensory in ear, retina, nasal cavity, and kidney
• function is a mystery in most cells

Motile cilia: in the respiratory tract, urine tubes, ventricles of the brain, efferent ductules of testes

• Beat in waves
• sweep substances across surface
• power strokes followed by recovery strokes

Question 4

Cilia structure

Answer 4

• Atoneme: cilia core that builds structure to move
• 9+2 structure of microtubules: nine pairs of peripheral microtubes form basal body in cell membrane and one pair makes up the center
• dyneinarms: motor proteins that Use ATP to cause movement of the cilia

Question 5

Saline layer

Answer 5

Layer between cell and mucus layer that is a salt water solution to allow for movement of the cilia
-Chloride pumps chloride into the space which is followed by water and potassium

Question 6

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 6

Cells don I have chloride pumps in the plasma membrane. Thick mucus plugs pancreatic ducts and respiratory tract causing chronic respiratory infections

Question 7

Flagella

Answer 7

Only functioning flagellum is the sperm tail

• whiplike structure same as crime, but longer
• snake like movement