Chapter 5- Micro Flashcards
Infectious Disease
AIDS, disease that can be spread easily.
Degenerative Disease
Break down ( osteoporosis)
Nutritional Disorder
Vitamin C(stermy ), vitamin D (rickets
Metabolic disorders-
Diabetes ( disruption of cellular metabolism.)
Immune disorders-
Allergies, Rheumatoid arthritis, MS
Neoplasms
New growth (cancer)
Causes of Disease
Age, heredity, gender, living condition and lifestyle, physical and chemical damage, pre-existing illness, emotional disturbance.
Etiology
Study of cause of disease
Epidimology
Study of diseases statistics
Incidence-
Number of new cases in a given region at a certain time divided by the number of total population
Prevalence
The overall frequency of a disease in a given group.
Pathogens-
any disease causing a microorganism
Infection-
invasion of the body by microorganisms which results in an illness.
Microbiome (normal flora)
Contributes to health; combats infections, it moves and prevents the growth of harmful organism.
Endospores
Resistant from of bacteria
Flagella
Thread like appendage used to swim quickly
Pili
Short flagella like that helps bacteria glide along a solid surface
Cocci
Round/ ball shape
Dipplococci
A pair of cocci
Streptococci
Chain like cocci
Staphylococci
Cluster cocci
Bacilli
Straight flender rod
Viruses
Infectious agents that can multiply within living cells.
Contains protein and nucleic acid
Obligated intracellular parasites
Prions
Infectious particles thats only made out of protein. (Madcow)
Fungi
Causes a myotic infection.
Yeast: Thrush
Molds: fuzzy multi-cellular
Protozoa
Single cell animal.
Animal like.
Amebas
Travel by extending itself
Ciliates
Uses cilia that waves to move the organism.
Flagellates
Uses flagella to move.
Apicomplexans
They don’t move.
Parasitic worms
Helminths. Species of worms and parasites with human hosts.
Ascaris
Most common and can be diagnose with stool examination
Pinworms
Common in children and it lands in the large intestine.
Hookworms
Live in the small intestine and it causes sever blood dificiency.
Filariae
Transmitted by lice or mosquitos and can clog the lympathic system.
Tapeworms
Ribbon like worms grow in the intestinal tract and typically spread by undercooked meat.
Flukes
Leaf shape worm that invaded various parts of the body
Parasitic anthropods
Nice, spiders, insects.
Vectors
Feed on blood (animal that transmits a disease)
Infestations
Headlice, scabies.
Contributing factors for infectious disease
Increased population, disruption of habitats, increased travel, medical treatment and increased survival.
Microbes and public health
Sewage and garbage disposal, water purification, prevention of food contamination, milk pasteurization.
Antibiotics
Substance that are produced by living cells that have the power to kill the growth of bacteria, antivirals.
Antimicrobial agents
Antibiotics, disadvantages, pathogenic resistance, destruction of normal flora, nosocomial infection.
Antivirals
Difficult to develop and there’s always research being done.
Collection of specimens
Bacteria isolations and test
Staining- gram positive- blueish purple: negative reddish
Molecular methods of microbe identification
Protein analysis
Polymerase chain reaction
Opportunistic
Term for an infection that takes hold in a weakened host.
Portal of entry
The avenue by which a microorganism invaded the body.
