Chapter 5 - Leadership Flashcards
What is leadership
characterized as a social interpersonal impact link between 2 or more people who rely on one another to achieve common goals
Maintenance requirements
the need for people to be accepted and strive to work together
task needs
the needs for the team to manage advancement toward achieving the goal that led to the the formation of the group
what are the 2 types of leaders?
formal -a person who is acknowledged as the groups official leader by those outside the group
informal - persons who have significant influence over team members despiute not holding a recognized leadership position
Goal set theory
people will perform much better at work if they have demanding, defined, and agreed-upon performance goals or targets
people try to achieve the objectives they set for themselves
challenging goals produce greater results than easy goals
Expectancy theory
people choose the more appealing goal when presented with 2 or more options
people are rational in their decisions concerning alternatives - they choose the option with the highest benefits and the fewest drawbacks
Attribution theory
describes the cognitive process through which people perceive the reasons or causes for their actions
perceives events as being generated by a specific component of a generally stable environment
self-determination theory
not just what motivates people but also how extrinsic rewards influences intrinsic motivation
extrinsic motivation
doing something for the sake of achieving the desired results
intrinsic motivation
doing something for the sake of the activity itself
jobs are inherently motivating when they meet at least one of the three higher order needs are met
expertise
independence
affiliation
Situational leadership includes:
directing
coaching
supporting
delegating
Directing
leader-driven
almost all new employees require a more direct leadership style
must focus on tasks rather than the relationship because the eelationship does not yet exist
coaching
for individuals who have enhanced their dedication as well as their competence
individuals are not completely sure about their abilities just yet , but they are improving
supporting
employees are proficient at their professions but are still inconsistent and not entirely dedicated
delegating
to develop employees who feel fully energized and are capable of taking the ball and running with it with minimum monitoring
expectation theory of motivation
employees are driven when they believe that their efforts will result in a great outcome, their sincere efforts will be recognized, or the rewards they will receive will be useful to them
path-goal theory- leaders primary responsibility is to ensure all 3 of these conditions are met
the four types of leadership styles
- directive
- supportive
- participative
- achievement oriented
directive leadership
giving explicit instructions to their subordinates
supportive leadership
bosses treat their employees well and show them that they care about them personally
most effective for employees under stress
participative leadership
indirectly directing strategic choices for workers with a high internal locus of control
most successful when employees have a high skill level and the choices they make are personally important
achievement oriented
leaders set goals for their personnel and encourage them to achieve their goals
transformational leaders
focus on companys success rather than personal success
Transactional leaders
guarantee that employees will exhibit appropriate behaviors and deliver resources in exchange for their benefit
4 tools of transformational leaders
1, charisma
- vision
- intellectual stimulation
- individualized consideration
performance calibration
process through which managers assess job performance and individual performance rankings
talent calibration
future-oriented to measure the general robustness of an organizations talent pool
process of performance calibration
- appraisal
- calibration
- feedback
rational approach
use of evidence, facts and logical arguments to mpersuade people that your point of view is the best option
personal appeal
require rapport and communication between a leader and the people who are being persuaded
coalition
a group of people working together to achieve a single goal
