Chapter 5 - IT Infrastructure Flashcards
Competitive forces model for IT investments
- Market demand for your firm’s services
- Your firm’s business strategy
- Your firm’s IT strategy, infrastructure, and cost
- Information technology assessment
- Competitor firm services
- Competitor firm IT infrastructure investment
An easy-to-use software language that greatly expanded the ability of programmers to
write business-related programs and reduced the cost of software
Common Business Oriented Language (COBOL)
A powerful multitasking, multiuser, portable operating system initially developed at
Bell Labs (1969)
Unix (1969–1975)
is another Web development technique for creating interactive Web applications that prevents all of this inconvenience.
allows a client and server to exchange small pieces of data behind the
scene so that an entire Web page does not have to be reloaded each time the user
requests a change
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
Cloud and mobile computing era
2000 to present
is the process of presenting a set of computing resources (such as computing power or data storage) so that they can all be accessed in
ways that are not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location.
Virtualization
are generally
older transaction processing systems created for mainframe computers
that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning
them.
Legacy System
The standard Wintel design for personal desktop computing based on standard Intel
processors and other standard devices, Microsoft DOS, and later Windows software.
IBM/Microsoft/Intel Personal Computer (1981)
is an
easy-to-use software tool with a graphical user interface for displaying Web
pages and for accessing the Web and other Internet resources.
Web Browser
is set of self-contained services that
communicate with each other to create a working software application
Service Oriented Architecture
enables a firm to contract custom software development or maintenance of existing legacy programs to outside firms, which
often operate offshore in low-wage areas of the world
Software outsourcing
connect multiple storage
devices on a separate high-speed network dedicated to storage
SAN- Storage Area Networks
It enables businesses to distribute computing work across a series of smaller, inexpensive machines that cost much less than minicomputers or centralized mainframe systems.
Client/server computing
is a page description language for specifying how text, graphics, video, and sound are placed on a Web page document
Hypertext markup language (HTML)
The simplest client/server network consists of a client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machine.
two-tiered client/server architecture
is a prewritten commercially available set of
software programs that eliminates the need for a firm to write its own
software programs for certain functions, such as payroll processing or order
handling.
Software package
refer to a set of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using universal Web communication standards and languages.
Web Services
Who and when does minicomputers were introduced?
Digital Equipment Corporation back in 1965.
connect multiple storage
devices on a separate high-speed network dedicated to storage
SAN- Storage Area Networks
are small pieces of software that run on the Internet, on your computer, or on your cell phone and are generally delivered over the Internet
APPS
was a period of highly centralized computing under the control of professional programmers and systems operators (usually in a corporate data center), with most elements of infrastructure provided by a single vendor, the manufacturer of the hardware and the software.
MAINFRAME ERA (1959 - PRESENT)
Provides the foundation for serving customers, working with vendors and managing internal firm business processes.
IT INFRASTRUCTURE.
What is foundation technology of Web services
XML or Extensible Markup Language
It includes in investing in hardware, software, and services - education, consulting, and training - that are shared across the entire firm or across entire business units in the firm.
IT INFRASTRUCTURE
The growing bandwidth power of the Internet has pushed the client/servermodel one step further
Cloud Computing Model
optimized for wireless communication and Internet access, with
core computing functions such as word processing; tablet computers such as
the iPad; and digital e-book readers such as Amazon’s Kindle with some Web
access capabilities.
Netbooks
Cloud computing is defined by National Institute of Standards and Technology
- On-demand self service
- Ubiquitous network access
- Location independent resource pooling
- Rapid elasticity
- Measured service
A network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that
enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks,
and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers
Ethernet (1973)
) model can be used to analyze
these direct and indirect costs to help firms determine the actual cost of specific
technology implementations
Total cost of ownership