Chapter 5 - Introduction to Epithelial Tissue Flashcards
Which cell types are defined morphologically?
Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue
Which cell types are defined functionally?
Muscle Tissue Nerve Tissue
What are the subclasses or muscle tissue?
Sritated and Smooth They are differentiated by their ability to contract
What is myoepithelium?
Functions as a muscle tissue but designated epithelium due to location
What are the four basic tissue types?
- Epithelium 2. Connective tissue 3. Muscle tissue 4. Nerve tissue
Classify the organization and extracellular matrix ratio for each basic tissue type
- Epithelium: tightly packed, organized, low EM 2. CT: random organization, high EM 3. Muscle: highly organized, low EM (??) 4. Nerve: high EM, low organization (??)
What are the 3 general locations of epithelial tissue? What are some more specific locations?
- Free surfaces of body exterior 2. Outer surface of internal organs 3. Lining of body cavities, tubes, and ducts
- Glands 2. Sensory Receptors
What are the 3 major groups of connective tissue?
- Embyonic (mesenchyme) 2. CT proper (loose and dense) 3. Specialized (blood, bone, cartiliage, adipose)
How are cells in muscle tissue arranged?
Distinct bundles, elongated cells along specific axis so they can contract and relax together
What are the 3 main types of muscle tissue?
- Smooth 2. Skeletal 3. Cardiac
What are 3 important aspects of neuron anatomy?
- Cell body 2. Axon 3. Dendrites
Which tissue sample is healthy? Which tissue sample is unhealthy?
The tissue on the left is unhealthy because the white space is indicitive of ademia.
The tissue on the right is healthy becasue it was a epithelium with mucus and then connective tussue with muslce underneath.
What cell type is this?
Epithelium
What cell type is this?
Connective Tissue
What cell type is this?
Muscle Tissue
What cell type is this?
Nerve Tissue
What tissue will always be adjacent to epithelial tissue? Why?
Epithelial tissue is avascular so epithelial tissue is always connencted to connective tissue which is highly vascular
What are the 3 principal characteristics of epithelial tissue?
- Cell Junctions
- Defined Cell Polarity
- Basement Membrane
What is an epithelioid? Where are they found?
A specialized epithelial tissue that doens’t have a free surface as a mature cell. So, it meets the criteria for a epithelium young, but as it matures it loses the lumen.
They are found monstly in endocrine glands
What are the 3 factors to consider when classifying/naming epithelium
- Cell layers: simple or stratified
- Cell shape: squamous, cuboidal, columnar
- Apical modifications: keritinized, ciliated
Endothelium - location and classification of epithelium
Lining of the blood and lymphatic vessles
Simple squamous
Mesothelium - location and classification of epithelium
Lining of the walls and closed cavities of the body (abdominal, pericardial, pleural cavities)
Simple squamous
Endocardium - location and classification of epithelium
lining of ventricles and artria of the heart
simple squamous
What is the general function for simple or pseudostratified epithelial tissue?
Secretion and absorbtion
What is the general function of simple squamous?
High transepithelial transport
Less cytoplasm to travel through the better
ex) blood vessels for gas transfer
What is the general function for stratified epithelium?
Wear and tear regions - if the top layer gets destroyed then the lower layers can replace them
Low trans epithelial transport (impermeability)
What are the 4 typical location of the simple squamous epithelium?
- Endothelium - exhange and barreir in the CNS
- Mesotheliun - exchange and lubrication
- Bowmans capsual - barrier
- Respiratory spcaes - exchange
What are the 3 typical locations for simple cuboidal epithelium?
- Small duct of exocrine flands - absorption, conduit
- Ovary (germinal epithelium) - barrier
- Kidney tubules - apsobtion of water and secreation of Na and electrolytes
What are the 3 typical locations for simple columnar epithelium?
- Small intestine and colon - absorption and secretion
- Stomach lining and gastric glands - secretion
- Gallbladder - absorption (makes liver bile more potent by removing 90% of the water)
(almost exclusivley simple columnar in intestine)
What is pseudostratified epithelium?
It looks statified, but it is actually simple. Not all cells reach the apical layer so the nucli are not in a uniform line. All the cells are connected to the basement membrane which makes it simple.
What are 3 typical locations for pseudostatified epithelium?
- Trachea and bronchial tree - secration, conduit
- Ductus deferens - secretion, conduit
- Epididymis - absorption, conduit
(conduit = for channeling water)
What are 3 typical locations for statified squamous?
- Epidermis - barrier and protection
- Oral cavity and esophagus - barrier and protection
- Vagina - barrier and protection
In places of wear/tear/stretch
What are 2 typical locations for stratified cuboidal? How many layers are there?
- Sweat glands - barrier and conduit
- large ducts of exocrine glands - barrier and conduit
only 2 layers, this type of epithelium is very rare
What is one typical location for stratified columnar? How many layers are there?
Largest ducts of exocrine glands - barrier and condiut
ex) mammary glands during lactation
Only 2 layers - this type of epithelium is very rare
Transitional epithelium (urothelium) definiton and purpose
Term applied ot epithelium lining the lower urinary tract.
Dome and larger shape of outer layer allows for stetching without tearing and going back to place (think about your bladder)
Name
Simple Squamous
Name
Simple cuboidal
Name
Simple columnar
Name
Psudostratified ciliated columnar
Name
Statified Squamous
Name
Statified Cuboidal
Name
Statified Columnar
Name
Transitional Epithelium
