Chapter 5: Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
androgen
A
generic term for an agent that stimulates the development of male characteristics
2
Q
ductule
A
small duct
3
Q
homeostasis
A
state of equilibrium in the body
4
Q
synthesize
A
forming a complex substance from simple compounds
5
Q
what is the ‘epidermis’?
A
outer layer of the skin
6
Q
what are the layers of the epidermis?
A
stratum corneum and basel layer
7
Q
what is ‘keratin’?
A
hard protein material
8
Q
what are melanocytes?
A
cells that produce a black pigment called melanin
9
Q
what does it mean to be albino?
A
a deficiency of pigment in eyes, skin and hair
10
Q
Where is the dermis located?
A
beneath the epidermis
11
Q
what are sebaceous glands?
A
oil glands connected to the hair follicle
pubic hair areas
12
Q
what are sudoriferous glands?
A
sweat glands that are located in the dermis
everywhere in the body, used for thermoregulation
13
Q
what is sebum?
A
oily secretion that is produced by sebaceous glands
14
Q
what is the hair shaft?
A
visible part of the hair
15
Q
what is the hair follicle?
A
the root with its coverings
16
Q
what is the papilla?
A
the covering of the hair root
17
Q
what is the nail root?
A
composed of keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelial cells producing a tough covering.
18
Q
what is the nailbed?
A
the part underneath the nail body (the part you see)
18
Q
what is the lunula?
A
The half-moon-shaped area at the base of the nail
19
Q
What does the prefix ‘adip/o’ refer to?
A
fat
‘Adip/o’ is commonly used in medical terminology related to adipose tissue.
20
Q
What does the prefix ‘lip/o’ indicate?
A
fat
‘Lip/o’ is often used in terms related to lipids or fat metabolism.
21
Q
What does ‘steat/o’ mean?
A
fat
‘Steat/o’ is used in terms related to fat or grease.
22
Q
What is the meaning of ‘cutane/o’?
A
skin
‘Cutane/o’ is often found in terms relating to the skin.
23
Q
Define ‘dermat/o’.
A
skin
‘Dermat/o’ is a prefix used in dermatology, the study of skin.
24
What does 'derm/o' refer to?
skin
## Footnote
'Derm/o' is another prefix used to denote skin-related terms.
25
What does 'hidr/o' mean?
sweat
## Footnote
'Hidr/o' is used in terms related to sweat glands.
26
What does 'sudor/o' indicate?
sweat
## Footnote
'Sudor/o' is also related to sweat, commonly used in medical terms.
27
What is the meaning of 'Ichthy/o'?
Dry or scaly
## Footnote
'Ichthy/o' is often associated with conditions that resemble fish skin.
28
Define 'kerat/o'.
horn or cornea
## Footnote
'Kerat/o' is used in terms relating to the cornea or keratin.
29
What does 'melan/o' refer to?
black or dark
## Footnote
'Melan/o' is involved in terms related to pigmentation.
30
What does 'myc/o' mean?
fungus
## Footnote
'Myc/o' is often used in terms relating to fungal infections.
31
What is the meaning of 'onych/o'?
nail
## Footnote
'Onych/o' is used in terms related to nails.
32
Define 'ungu/o'.
nail
## Footnote
'Ungu/o' is another prefix denoting nails.
33
What does 'Pil/o' refer to?
hair
## Footnote
'Pil/o' is often used in terms related to hair.
34
What does 'Trich/o' mean?
hair
## Footnote
'Trich/o' is also associated with hair-related terms.
35
What is the meaning of 'Scler/o'?
hard
## Footnote
'Scler/o' is used in terms related to hardness or sclera of the eye.
36
What does 'Seb/o' indicate?
sebum or oil
## Footnote
'Seb/o' is related to oil or sebaceous glands.
37
What does 'Squam/o' refer to?
scale
## Footnote
'Squam/o' is used in terms related to scales or squamous cells.
38
What does 'Xen/o' mean?
foreign
## Footnote
'Xen/o' is often used in terms related to foreign substances.
39
What is the meaning of 'Xer/o'?
dry
## Footnote
'Xer/o' is used in terms related to dryness.
40
What does the suffix '-cyte' signify?
cell
## Footnote
'-cyte' is commonly used in biological terms to denote cells.
41
What does '-derma' indicate?
skin condition
## Footnote
'-derma' is often used in medical terminology to describe skin conditions.
42
What does '-logist' mean?
specialist in a field
## Footnote
'-logist' is used to denote someone who specializes in a particular area.
43
What does '-logy' refer to?
study of
## Footnote
'-logy' is a suffix used to denote a field of study.
44
What does '-therapy' signify?
treatment
## Footnote
'-therapy' is used in terms related to treatment methods.
45
What does the prefix 'An-' mean?
without or absence of
## Footnote
'An-' is often used in medical terms to indicate lack or absence.
46
What does 'Epi-' refer to?
upon or above
## Footnote
'Epi-' is used in terms to denote something that is on or above another.
47
What does 'Homo-' mean?
same
## Footnote
'Homo-' is used in terms that indicate similarity or sameness.
49
What is the name of a lesion that affects a singular area?
Localized lesion
50
What is the name of a lesion that spreads throughout the body?
Systemic legion
51
What is a primary skin lesion?
The initial reaction to altered tissue
52
What are secondary skin lesions?
The change in a primary skin lesion as a result of infection, scratching, or trauma
53
What is a first degree burn?
A burn that only affects the top layer of skin
## Footnote
Usually caused by brief contact with heat, sunburn, or a chemical burn
54
What is a second degree burn?
A deep burn that damages the epidermis and part-of the dermis
## Footnote
May be caused by contact with hot liquids and chemicals
55
What is a vesicle?
A fluid filled blister
56
What is a third degree burn?
A burn that destroyes the epidermis and dermis
## Footnote
Skin grafting is commonly required
57
What is metastasis?
When cells spread to remote regions of the body
58
What are malignant neoplasms?
New growths of bad cells. Also called cancer
59
Abscess?
A localized collection of pus
60
Acne?
inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
61
Alopecia?
Partial or complete loss of hair
62
Bowen disease?
Early form of cancer characterized by red scaly patches on skin
63
Cellulitis?
Diffuse acute infection of the skin
64
Chloasma?
Yellowish -brown skin discoloration
65
comedo
A type of acne of accumulated sebum blocking the pore. Also called a blackhead.
66
Decubitus ulcer
Inflammation, sore, or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, usually in elderly bedridden persons; also known as pressure ulcer
67
Ecchymosis
Bruise
68
Eczema
an inflammatory skin condition characterized by erythema,vesicles, an scabs
69
erythema
redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries
70
eschar
dead matter sloughed off from the surface of the skin after a burn
71
impetigo
bacteria skin infection characterized by pustules that become crusted and rupture
72
keratosis
thickened area of the epidermis
73
lentigo
small brown macules caused by sun exposure usually in a older person
74
pallor
unnatural paleness or absence of color
75
pediculosis
infestation of lice
76
petechia
minute pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin
77
pruritus
intense itching
78
psoriasis
a chronic skin condition characterized by itchy red patches covered by dry scales
79
purpura
several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues
80
scabies
contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite
81
tinea
fungal skin infection also called ringworm
82
urticaria
allergic reaction
83
verruca
epidermal growth caused by a virus, called a warts
84
vitiligo
localized loss of skin pigmentation, milk-white patches
85
allergy skin test?
any test in which an allergen is applied to test sensitivity
86
intradermal skin test
skin test that is injected in small amounts
87
patch skin test
skin test where a small amount of allergen is applied to patches that are then taped to the skin
88
scatch skin test
skin test that the allergen is placed on a scratched place of skin
89
culture and sensitivity
lab test that determines the presence of pathogens and what organism the pathogen responds to
90
biopsy
tissue removed from site for examination
91
frozen section biopsy
ultrathin slice from a frozen specimen
92
needle biopsy
removal of sample tissue with a hollow needle
93
punch biopsy
removal of tissue with a hollow punch
94
shave biopsy
removal of elevated lesion with surgical blade
95
Mohs?
procedure of removing cancerous tissue until only cancer-free tissue is left
96
skin graft
transplant of skin
97
allograft
transplant of tissue from one person to another
## Footnote
also called homograft
98
autograft
transplant of tissue from the same person but other areas of the body
99
synthetic skin graft
transplant of fake/artificial skin
## Footnote
skin is prduced from collegen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern
100
xenograft
transplant of skin from a foreign object, usually a pig
101
chemical peel
chemical removal of outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring
102
cryosurgery
use of freezing temps to eliminate abnormal tissue
103
debridement
removal of necrotized tissue
104
dermabrasion
rubbing wire brushes to remove the epidermis
105
fulguration
tissue destruction by high-frequency electric current
106
photodynamic therapy (PDT)
procedure in which cells treated with a photosensitizer are exposed to light to destroy cells
