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Network+ > Chapter 5: Installing A Physical Network > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Installing A Physical Network Flashcards

1
Q

Three components of a basic structured cabling network

A

Telecommunications room, horizontal cabling, and work area

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2
Q

Telecommunications room

A

Where all the cabling runs from individual PCs to a central location

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3
Q

Horizontal cabling

A

Cables ran from the telecommunications room to the individual PCs horizontally

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4
Q

A run

A

Single piece of installed horizontal cabling

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5
Q

Work area

A

Office or cubicle that can contain PCs or telephones

Wall outlet that serves as the termination point for horizontal network cables

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6
Q

What aspects of the cable are defined by TIA/EIA

A

Type of wires, number of pairs of wire, and fire ratings

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7
Q

What is stranded core made of ?

A

Bundle of tiny wire strands

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8
Q

What is the benefit of solid core

A

Better conductor

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9
Q

What is a solid core UTP cable ?

A

A single solid wire

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10
Q

What is the downside and benefit of stranded core ?

A

It is more robust but a lesser conductor

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11
Q

What wire type should horizontal cabling have ?

A

Solid core

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12
Q

Which cat rated cables use four-pair UTP ?

A

Cat 5e,6,6a,7, etc.

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13
Q

What is the chosen horizontal cabling cat rating today ?

A

Cat 6 is favored, but 6a,7 are to adopt the faster Gigabit standards

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14
Q

How to avoid a mess and decay when networks change over time ?

A

Imposed some type of organization

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15
Q

Equipment rack

A

Safe, stable platform for all the different hardware components

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16
Q

Height and width of an equipment rack

A

Height ranges from 2 feet or 3 feet and floor-to-ceiling

Width is 19 inches

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17
Q

Uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs)

A

Provides backup power for devices on the rack

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18
Q

What are some rack-mounted devices?

A

Switches, servers, and UPSs

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19
Q

What is the height measurement for rack-mounted equipment?

A

Unit (U)

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20
Q

Another name for a typical full-size rack ?

A

42U

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21
Q

Height measurements for U ?

A

1.75 in = 1U
3.5 in = 2U
7 in = 4U

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22
Q

Power distribution unit (PDU)

A

Centralized power management

Works like a power strip

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23
Q

Location of racks and rack systems should take consideration of ?

A

Proper air flow

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24
Q

What locking mechanisms do racks incorporate ?

A

Keypad locks, biometric locks, smart card locks, etc.

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25
Q

Locking racks/cabinets

A

Chassis plus a door with a locking mechanism

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26
Q

Patch panels

A

Has a row of female ports in the front and permanent connections in the back

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27
Q

What connector is the most common type of patch panel for permanent connections today ?

A

110-block

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28
Q

What cables connect to a 110 block using a punchdown tool ?

A

UTP cables

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29
Q

Why did high-speed network installations use the 110 block ?

A

Less crosstalk

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30
Q

What type of ports do patch panels make available ?

A

UTP, STP, fiber, or a combination

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31
Q

What do UTP patch panels display ?

A

Cat ratings

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32
Q

Patch cables

A

Short straight-through UTP cables

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33
Q

What do you use to connect ports to the switch? Why ?

A

Patch cables because they can tolerate more handling

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34
Q

What are the connectors on patch cables specially designed for ?

A

Multiple insertions and removals

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35
Q

Patch bays

A

Dedicated block with A/V connections running to the telecommunications room

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36
Q

How do you connect a PC to a wall outlet ?

A

With patch cables

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37
Q

Do the RJ-45 jacks in the wall outlet have cat ratings ?

A

Yes

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38
Q

Should you form a label on a wall outlet to locate its position on the patch panel ?

A

Yes

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39
Q

What length do the TIA/EIA 568 specifications allow for only UTP cables ?

A

90 meters

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40
Q

Demarcation point

A

Refers to the physical location of the connection

Divides the line of responsibility for the functioning of the network

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41
Q

Network interface unit (NIU)

A

Equipment supplied by ISP that serves as a demarcation point

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42
Q

Smartjack

A

Sets up a remote loopback

Not used today

43
Q

Customer-premises equipment (CPE)

A

Primary distribution tool for the building owned by the customer

44
Q

Demarcation extension

A

Cabling that runs from NIU to a CPE

45
Q

Vertical cross-connect

A

Main patch panel

46
Q

Intermediate distribution frame (IDF)

A

Room where all the horizontal runs from all the work areas come together

47
Q

Main distribution frame (MDF)

A

Room that stores the demarcation, telephone cross-connects, and LAN cross-connects

48
Q

The first step for installing structured cable

A

Assess the site and plan out the installation in detail

49
Q

Cable drop

A

Location where the cables comes out of the wall in the work area

50
Q

Two meanings for drop

A

A single run of cable from the telecommunications room to a wall outlet

New run coming through a wall outlet that doesn’t have a jack installed

51
Q

Raceway products

A

When you can’t go into the walls and need to install outside the walls

52
Q

5 measures to determine the location of a telecommunications room

A

Won’t require longer runs than 90 meters

Provide enough power. Dedicate a circuit to the room to avoid accidents

Avoid high humidity areas

Keep the room cool. Air-conditioning or vents

Prevent unauthorized access

53
Q

Scalability with design

A

Networks will grow

54
Q

What are cable hooks and trays used for ?

A

Better cable management, safety, and protection from EMI

55
Q

Making connections

A

Connect both ends to the proper jacks

Test each cable, document, and label each cable run

56
Q

Popular way to organize patch panels ?

A

Match the logical layout of the network

57
Q

Layer 1 issues

A

Signal degradation, lack of connection, and interference

58
Q

What to verify when testing each cable run ?

A

That the cable can handle the speed of your network

59
Q

What are some potential copper cable problems ?

A

Signal degradation if cable too long

Open/short wires

60
Q

Incorrect pinout scenario

A

Are all terminations in the right place, and do they match the same standard

61
Q

Split pair

A

Pairs in the same cable interfering with another pair

62
Q

Continuity testers

A

Cable testers checking for only continuity

Requires to insert both ends of cable into device

63
Q

Wire map

A

Better cable testers that can pick up on shorts, crossed wires, and more

64
Q

Time-domain reflectometer (TDR)

A

Test continuity and wire map

Determine length of cable

Locates breaks in the wire strands

65
Q

Near-end cross talk (NEXT)

A

measures signal interference between pairs of wires in a twisted pair cable at the same end where the signal is generated

66
Q

Far-end crosstalk (FEXT)

A

Crosstalk on the other end of the cable from the signal’s source

67
Q

What are NEXT and FEXT measured in ?

A

Decibels

68
Q

Attenuation

A

The signal becomes weaker as it travels along a piece of wire

69
Q

Latency

A

Delay between the time a message is sent and received

70
Q

Jitter

A

Delay in completing transmission

71
Q

Cable certifiers

A

Conduct high-end testing and generate a report

72
Q

What is signal loss measured with ?

A

Decibels

73
Q

Why are decibels used to describe signal loss ?

A

It’s easily digestible

74
Q

What are six imperfections that cause signal loss/degradation in fiber cables ?

A

Damaged cables or open connections

Dirty optical cables

Connector mismatch

Attenuation

Dispersion(modal dispersion)

Bend radius limitation

75
Q

What is light leakage ?

A

Part of the signal goes out the cable if you bend a fiber cable too much

76
Q

Transceiver mismatch

A

Able to plug in a receiver, but it won’t work with the technology of the device

77
Q

What are some physical or signal mismatches ?

A

Cable, fiber, connector, or wavelength mismatch

78
Q

Optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR)

A

Determine continuity, breaks in the fiber cable, and where they are located

79
Q

Do fiber optic cables experience crosstalk or interference ?

A

No

80
Q

Fusion splicer

A

Connects two fiber cables without losing quality

81
Q

What connectors do all UTP ethernet NICs use ?

A

RJ-45

82
Q

Should drivers and NICs be the same brand ?

A

Makes it easier to update or replace parts

83
Q

Peripheral component interconnect (PCI)

A

Older expansion slot for inserting NICs in your PC

84
Q

What are USB NICs useful for ?

A

Testing potentially problematic NICs

85
Q

Port aggregation, bonding, and link aggregation

A

Adds another lane of equal speed, which increases the overall bandwidth

86
Q

Link aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)

A

Control how multiple network devices send and receive data as a single connection

87
Q

Link lights

A

Give clues about what’s happening with the link

88
Q

Activity light

A

Detects network traffic

89
Q

What’s the difference between static and flickering light with link lights ?

A

Static means it is on and steady

Flickering means traffic is moving on the network

90
Q

First thing for diagnosing physical problems ?

A

Eliminate potential software errors

91
Q

A common failure point for NICs ?

A

Female port

92
Q

What is needed for an external loopback test from the NIC diagnostic software ?

A

Loopback adapter or loopback plug

93
Q

What does the Fluke MicroScanner do ?

A

A TDR midrange testers checking for disconnection and location of problem along the cable

94
Q

Couplers

A

Small devices with two female ports for connecting two cables and overcoming distance limitation

95
Q

Why are three good reasons to have UPSs ?

A

Acts as a power monitoring tool, acts as an inverter, and provides security from power spikes and sags

96
Q

Online UPSs

A

Continuously charges a battery, and computers stay powered up during an outage

97
Q

Standby power supply (SPS)

A

Kicks in power once circuitry detects power outage

98
Q

Voltage event recorder

A

Tracks voltage over time

99
Q

What monitoring helps prevent the telecommunications room from overheating

A

UPSs with a temperature monitor

100
Q

Environmental monitors

A

Keeps track of humidity and temperature

101
Q

What is used to trace cables ?

A

Toner made up of a tone generator and a tone probe

102
Q

What do the components of a toner do ?

A

The tone generator connects to a cable

The tone probe emits a sound when touching a cable connected to the tone generator

103
Q

What are patch cables used for ?

A

Connect patch panels to switch

Connect PCs to outlet box

Network+ (8 decks)

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