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Chapter 5: Installing A Physical Network Flashcards

1
Q

Three components of a basic structured cabling network

A

Telecommunications room, horizontal cabling, and work area

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2
Q

Telecommunications room

A

Where all the cabling runs from individual PCs to a central location

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3
Q

Horizontal cabling

A

Cables ran from the telecommunications room to the individual PCs horizontally

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4
Q

A run

A

Single piece of installed horizontal cabling

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5
Q

Work area

A

Office or cubicle that can contain PCs or telephones

Wall outlet that serves as the termination point for horizontal network cables

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6
Q

What aspects of the cable are defined by TIA/EIA

A

Type of wires, number of pairs of wire, and fire ratings

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7
Q

What is stranded core made of ?

A

Bundle of tiny wire strands

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8
Q

What is the benefit of solid core

A

Better conductor

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9
Q

What is a solid core UTP cable ?

A

A single solid wire

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10
Q

What is the downside and benefit of stranded core ?

A

It is more robust but a lesser conductor

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11
Q

What wire type should horizontal cabling have ?

A

Solid core

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12
Q

Which cat rated cables use four-pair UTP ?

A

Cat 5e,6,6a,7, etc.

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13
Q

What is the chosen horizontal cabling cat rating today ?

A

Cat 6 is favored, but 6a,7 are to adopt the faster Gigabit standards

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14
Q

How to avoid a mess and decay when networks change over time ?

A

Imposed some type of organization

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15
Q

Equipment rack

A

Safe, stable platform for all the different hardware components

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16
Q

Height and width of an equipment rack

A

Height ranges from 2 feet or 3 feet and floor-to-ceiling

Width is 19 inches

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17
Q

Uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs)

A

Provides backup power for devices on the rack

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18
Q

What are some rack-mounted devices?

A

Switches, servers, and UPSs

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19
Q

What is the height measurement for rack-mounted equipment?

A

Unit (U)

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20
Q

Another name for a typical full-size rack ?

A

42U

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21
Q

Height measurements for U ?

A

1.75 in = 1U
3.5 in = 2U
7 in = 4U

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22
Q

Power distribution unit (PDU)

A

Centralized power management

Works like a power strip

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23
Q

Location of racks and rack systems should take consideration of ?

A

Proper air flow

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24
Q

What locking mechanisms do racks incorporate ?

A

Keypad locks, biometric locks, smart card locks, etc.

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25
Locking racks/cabinets
Chassis plus a door with a locking mechanism
26
Patch panels
Has a row of female ports in the front and permanent connections in the back
27
What connector is the most common type of patch panel for permanent connections today ?
110-block
28
What cables connect to a 110 block using a punchdown tool ?
UTP cables
29
Why did high-speed network installations use the 110 block ?
Less crosstalk
30
What type of ports do patch panels make available ?
UTP, STP, fiber, or a combination
31
What do UTP patch panels display ?
Cat ratings
32
Patch cables
Short straight-through UTP cables
33
What do you use to connect ports to the switch? Why ?
Patch cables because they can tolerate more handling
34
What are the connectors on patch cables specially designed for ?
Multiple insertions and removals
35
Patch bays
Dedicated block with A/V connections running to the telecommunications room
36
How do you connect a PC to a wall outlet ?
With patch cables
37
Do the RJ-45 jacks in the wall outlet have cat ratings ?
Yes
38
Should you form a label on a wall outlet to locate its position on the patch panel ?
Yes
39
What length do the TIA/EIA 568 specifications allow for only UTP cables ?
90 meters
40
Demarcation point
Refers to the physical location of the connection Divides the line of responsibility for the functioning of the network
41
Network interface unit (NIU)
Equipment supplied by ISP that serves as a demarcation point
42
Smartjack
Sets up a remote loopback Not used today
43
Customer-premises equipment (CPE)
Primary distribution tool for the building owned by the customer
44
Demarcation extension
Cabling that runs from NIU to a CPE
45
Vertical cross-connect
Main patch panel
46
Intermediate distribution frame (IDF)
Room where all the horizontal runs from all the work areas come together
47
Main distribution frame (MDF)
Room that stores the demarcation, telephone cross-connects, and LAN cross-connects
48
The first step for installing structured cable
Assess the site and plan out the installation in detail
49
Cable drop
Location where the cables comes out of the wall in the work area
50
Two meanings for drop
A single run of cable from the telecommunications room to a wall outlet New run coming through a wall outlet that doesn't have a jack installed
51
Raceway products
When you can't go into the walls and need to install outside the walls
52
5 measures to determine the location of a telecommunications room
Won't require longer runs than 90 meters Provide enough power. Dedicate a circuit to the room to avoid accidents Avoid high humidity areas Keep the room cool. Air-conditioning or vents Prevent unauthorized access
53
Scalability with design
Networks will grow
54
What are cable hooks and trays used for ?
Better cable management, safety, and protection from EMI
55
Making connections
Connect both ends to the proper jacks Test each cable, document, and label each cable run
56
Popular way to organize patch panels ?
Match the logical layout of the network
57
Layer 1 issues
Signal degradation, lack of connection, and interference
58
What to verify when testing each cable run ?
That the cable can handle the speed of your network
59
What are some potential copper cable problems ?
Signal degradation if cable too long Open/short wires
60
Incorrect pinout scenario
Are all terminations in the right place, and do they match the same standard
61
Split pair
Pairs in the same cable interfering with another pair
62
Continuity testers
Cable testers checking for only continuity Requires to insert both ends of cable into device
63
Wire map
Better cable testers that can pick up on shorts, crossed wires, and more
64
Time-domain reflectometer (TDR)
Test continuity and wire map Determine length of cable Locates breaks in the wire strands
65
Near-end cross talk (NEXT)
measures signal interference between pairs of wires in a twisted pair cable at the same end where the signal is generated
66
Far-end crosstalk (FEXT)
Crosstalk on the other end of the cable from the signal's source
67
What are NEXT and FEXT measured in ?
Decibels
68
Attenuation
The signal becomes weaker as it travels along a piece of wire
69
Latency
Delay between the time a message is sent and received
70
Jitter
Delay in completing transmission
71
Cable certifiers
Conduct high-end testing and generate a report
72
What is signal loss measured with ?
Decibels
73
Why are decibels used to describe signal loss ?
It's easily digestible
74
What are six imperfections that cause signal loss/degradation in fiber cables ?
Damaged cables or open connections Dirty optical cables Connector mismatch Attenuation Dispersion(modal dispersion) Bend radius limitation
75
What is light leakage ?
Part of the signal goes out the cable if you bend a fiber cable too much
76
Transceiver mismatch
Able to plug in a receiver, but it won't work with the technology of the device
77
What are some physical or signal mismatches ?
Cable, fiber, connector, or wavelength mismatch
78
Optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR)
Determine continuity, breaks in the fiber cable, and where they are located
79
Do fiber optic cables experience crosstalk or interference ?
No
80
Fusion splicer
Connects two fiber cables without losing quality
81
What connectors do all UTP ethernet NICs use ?
RJ-45
82
Should drivers and NICs be the same brand ?
Makes it easier to update or replace parts
83
Peripheral component interconnect (PCI)
Older expansion slot for inserting NICs in your PC
84
What are USB NICs useful for ?
Testing potentially problematic NICs
85
Port aggregation, bonding, and link aggregation
Adds another lane of equal speed, which increases the overall bandwidth
86
Link aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)
Control how multiple network devices send and receive data as a single connection
87
Link lights
Give clues about what's happening with the link
88
Activity light
Detects network traffic
89
What's the difference between static and flickering light with link lights ?
Static means it is on and steady Flickering means traffic is moving on the network
90
First thing for diagnosing physical problems ?
Eliminate potential software errors
91
A common failure point for NICs ?
Female port
92
What is needed for an external loopback test from the NIC diagnostic software ?
Loopback adapter or loopback plug
93
What does the Fluke MicroScanner do ?
A TDR midrange testers checking for disconnection and location of problem along the cable
94
Couplers
Small devices with two female ports for connecting two cables and overcoming distance limitation
95
Why are three good reasons to have UPSs ?
Acts as a power monitoring tool, acts as an inverter, and provides security from power spikes and sags
96
Online UPSs
Continuously charges a battery, and computers stay powered up during an outage
97
Standby power supply (SPS)
Kicks in power once circuitry detects power outage
98
Voltage event recorder
Tracks voltage over time
99
What monitoring helps prevent the telecommunications room from overheating
UPSs with a temperature monitor
100
Environmental monitors
Keeps track of humidity and temperature
101
What is used to trace cables ?
Toner made up of a tone generator and a tone probe
102
What do the components of a toner do ?
The tone generator connects to a cable The tone probe emits a sound when touching a cable connected to the tone generator
103
What are patch cables used for ?
Connect patch panels to switch Connect PCs to outlet box

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