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Network+ > Chapter 4: Ethernet Standards > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Ethernet Standards Flashcards

1
Q

Who won the market share between 100BASE-TX and 100BASE-T4 ?

A

100BASE-TX

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2
Q

Two other names for 100BASE-TX ?

A

100BASE-T and Fast Ethernet

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3
Q

Summarize 100BASE-T in speed, band, capacity, topology, cabling, and distance

A

100 Mbps
Baseband
100 meters between hub/switch to the node
1024 nodes max
Star-bus topology
Cat 5 or better UTP or STP with RJ-45 connectors

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4
Q

Baseband

A

Only a single signal travels over the wires of the network at one time

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5
Q

Broadband

A

Get multiple signals to travel over the wire at the same time

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6
Q

What are some solutions to the cost of upgrading from 10BASE-T to 100BASE-T ?

A

Multispeed and auto-sensing NICs and switches/hubs

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7
Q

What did the multispeed, auto-sensing 100BASE-T NIC do when first connecting to a network ?

A

Negotiated with the hub or switch to determine the other device’s highest speed

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8
Q

What do all modern NICs have ?

A

Multispeed and auto-sensing

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9
Q

What were the two differences between 10BASE-FL and 100BASE-FX ?

A

The speed jumps from 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps, and it can travel 2 kilometers between hub/switches and nodes

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10
Q

What was a short distance, LED alternative to the 100 BASE-FX ?

A

100BASE-SX

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11
Q

Why was the 100BASE-SX a viable upgrade from older tech ?

A

Completely backward compatible with 10BASE-FL.

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12
Q

Full-duplex

A

NIC can send and receive at the same time

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13
Q

What does full-duplex do to the bandwidth ?

A

Doubles network bandwith

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14
Q

What can function just fine on Fast Ethernet nowadays ?

A

Network-connected devices such as printers

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15
Q

What is the most common type of Ethernet found on new NICs today ?

A

Gigabit Ethernet

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16
Q

What is the most widely implemented solution for Gigabit Ethernet

A

1000BASE-T

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17
Q

What other version of Gigabit Ethernet is divided into a series of standards ?

A

1000BASE-X

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18
Q

What are the names of the divided 1000BASE-X standards ?

A

1000BASE-SX and 1000BASE-LX

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19
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance the signal has to travel before it completes its particular shape and starts to repeat

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20
Q

What standard did many networks upgrade to Gigabit Ethernet use ?

A

1000BASE-SX

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21
Q

What is the cabling, distance, wavelength size, and connector of 1000BASE-SX ?

A

MMF (OM1 or OM2), 220 to 500 meters, 850 nm LED, LC connector

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22
Q

Which Gigabit Ethernet standard use repeaters to increase the distance of the signal ?

A

1000BASE-LX

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23
Q

What distance did 1000BASE-LX allow without and with repeaters ?

A

5 kilometers without repeaters and up to 70 kilometers with

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24
Q

Which Gigabit Ethernet standard could be the backbone of the future ?

A

1000BASE-LX

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25
Q

Small form factor (SFF)

A

Fiber-optic connectors designed to be much smaller than the first connectors

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26
Q

Two popular SFF connectors ?

A

MT-RJ and LC

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27
Q

What are the cabling, cable details, connectors, and distance of 1000BASE-T ?

A

Cat 5e/6 UTP, Four pair/full-duplex, RJ-45, 100 meters

28
Q

What are the cabling, wavelength, connectors, and distance of 1000BASE-LX ?

A

SMF (OS1 or OS2), 1310 nm, commonly LC or SC, 5 kilometers

29
Q

Physical contact (PC) connector

A

Two pieces of fiber touch when inserted

30
Q

How do PC connectors reduce signal loss ?

A

Highly polished and slightly spherical at the connection point

31
Q

Which connectors replaced PC ?

A

UPC and APC

32
Q

Ultra-physical contact (UPC)

A

Polished extensively for a superior finish

33
Q

Angled physical contact (APC) connectors

A

Adds an 8 degree angle to the curved end to further lower signal loss

34
Q

What are some options of a media converter ?

A

SMF to UTP/STP
MMF to UTP/STP
Fiber to coaxial
SMF to MMF

35
Q

Transceiver

A

Interchangeable network modules that make it easy to change the media a network device uses

36
Q

Gigabit interface converter (GBIC)

A

Modular port that supports a standardized, wide variety of Gigabit interface modules

37
Q

What smaller modular receiver is used today for GBIC ?

A

Small form-factor pluggable (SFP)

38
Q

Where do developers continue refining and increasing speeds ?

A

LAN environment and backbone networks

39
Q

What are the several factors that define a 10Gbe standard ?

A

Type of fiber used, wavelength size, and the physical signaling type

40
Q

10GBASE-SR fiber type, wavelength, physical layer signaling, and max distance ?

A

MMF, 850 nm, LAN, 33-400 meters

41
Q

Which OM offers 33 meters in a 10GBASE-SR ethernet LAN ?

A

OM1

42
Q

Which OM is used for 10GBASE-SW to reach 400 meters ?

A

OM4

43
Q

What is the only difference between 10GBASE-SR and 10GBASE-SW ?

A

10GBASE-SR is used for ethernet frames, and 10GBASE-SW is FOR SONET devices

44
Q

Which is the most popular and least expensive 10Gbe type ?

A

10GBASE-LR

45
Q

10GBASE-LR fiber type, wavelength, physical layer signaling, and max distance ?

A

SMF, 1310 nm, LAN, 10 kilometers

46
Q

10GBASE-ER fiber type, wavelength, physical layer signaling, and max distance?

A

SMF, 1550 nm, LAN, and 40 kilometers

47
Q

What do 10GBASE-SW, 10GBASE-LW, and 10GBASE-EW share ?

A

All are used to connect to SONET devices/equipment

48
Q

T or F

Do the 10Gbe fiber standards define a type of connector ?

A

False

49
Q

What are three other 10Gbe fiber standards are not covered by the COMPTIA?

A

10GBASE-L4, 10GBASE-LRM, 10GBASE-ZR

50
Q

10GBASE-T cabling, cable details, connectors, and length ?

A

Cat 6/6a UTP, Four pair/full-duplex, RJ-45, 55/100 meters

51
Q

Multisource agreements (MSA)

A

Agreements among multiple manufacturers to make interoperable devices and standards

52
Q

Enhanced small form-factor pluggable (SFP+)

A

Transceiver used in 10Gbe

53
Q

Wave division multiplexing (WDM)

A

Differentiate wave signals on a single fiber

54
Q

What did WDM create ?

A

Single strand fiber transmission

55
Q

Bidirectional transceivers (BiDi)

A

Able to send and receive in different wavelengths if a corresponding BiDi transceiver is installed on the other end

56
Q

What are some advantages BiDi tranceivers have over dual-fiber predecessor ?

A

It costs less to deploy in a new network

Use existing fiber runs to double the capacity of a network

57
Q

Quad small form-factor pluggable (QSFP)

A

Used in 40 Gbe BiDi transceivers

58
Q

What do BiDi transceivers typically use ?

A

SFP optics

59
Q

Should a computer other than a server be connected to a backbone ?

A

No

60
Q

Which ethernet network works best to give the user the fastest network and keeping costs reasonable ?

A

Multispeed Ethernet networks

61
Q

When are 40Gbe and 100Gbe needed ?

A

When networks require lots of bandwidth, such as connecting servers, switches, and routers

62
Q

What cabling standards do 40GBASE-T employ ?

A

MMF, SMF, and UTP

63
Q

What distance can the SMF 40Gbe standards run ?

A

10 kilometers

64
Q

What is the connector of 40GBASE-T

A

Enhanced quad small form-factor pluggable (QSFP+)

65
Q

What distance does the 40GBASE-T employ Cat 8 UTP run ?

A

30 meters

66
Q

What is a typical connector for 100Gbe standards ?

A

QSFP28 aka QSFP100 or 100G QSFP

67
Q

What standards do 100GBASE-T employ ?

A

MMF and SMF

Network+ (8 decks)

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