Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IS 4410 > Chapter 5 In Class Notes > Flashcards

Chapter 5 In Class Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Q1: What Is the Purpose of a Database?

A 
• Organize and keep track of things
• Keep track of multiple themes
• General rule:
– Single theme store in a spreadsheet
– Multiple themes require a database
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Q2: What Is a Database?

A

A self-describing collection of integrated
records
– Bytes are grouped into columns (a.k.a. fields)
– Columns are grouped into rows (a.k.a. records)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rows in a database are also called

A

Records

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Columns in a database are also called

A

fields

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Characters in a database are also called

A

bytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bytes are grouped into

A

columns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Columns are grouped into

A

rows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Components of a Database. 3 things

A

Tables or Files + relationships among rows in tables + metadata = database

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What Are Relationships Among Rows?

A

For example a student can be in the email table and also the student table. There’s a relationship among rows.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Key:

A 
A
column or
group of
columns that
identifies a
unique row in
a table
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Databases that carry their data in the form of tables
and that represent relationships using foreign keys
are called

A

relational databases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Metadata:

A

data that describes data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Q3: What Are the Components of a

Database Application System? 4 of them

A
  1. User
  2. Database Application
  3. Database management system
  4. Tables, Relationships, Metadata
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Database Management System

A

A software program used to create, process, and administer a database

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Database =

A

a collection of tables, relationships and metadata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The DBMS

• Three Functions

A

– Create tables, relationships, and other structures in the
database
– Process the database (using SQL or another processing
language)
• Read
• Insert
• Modify
• Delete data
– Provide tools to assist in the administration of the
database (e.g. security and optimization)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 4 processes of a database

A

Read
Insert
Modify
Delete Data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Structured Query Language (SQL)

A

– International standard

– Used by most popular DBMS

19
Q

Q4: How Do Database Applications

Make Databases More Useful?

A

A collection of forms, reports,
queries, and application programs that process a database.
• Provide process logic specific for a business need
• Enable processing via Internet

20
Q

Q5: How Are Data Models Used for

Database Development? What is the process. 4 things

A
  1. You have the forms reports and queries with all the requirements.
  2. You then create a data model with entities and relationships
  3. Then you create database design with tables that have foreign keys
  4. Then you create the database
21
Q

What Is the Entity-Relationship (E-R)

Data Model?

A

• Tool for constructing data models
• Describes contents of a data model by defining entities and
relationships among entities
• Unified Modeling Language (UML), less popular, tool for
data modeling

22
Q

Q6: How Is a Data Model Transformed

into a Database Design?

A
  1. Construct Adviser table and Student tables with key
    fields
  2. Represent relationships by adding foreign keys
  3. Create new table for N:M relationships
23
Q

Q7: What Is the Users’ Role in the

Development of Databases?

A
  • Define what data database must contain
  • Review data models for accuracy
  • Final approval of data models
24
Q

Q8: 2022?

A

• Relational databases will look much different
• Use of non-relational data stores, called NoSQL will
be more common
• Major DBMS vendors lose out to open-source
products and shift focus to services supporting open
source software like Bigtable, Dynamo, Cassandra?
• Database models will be very different

25
Q

Popular DBMS products are?

A

DB2 from IBM. Access and SQL Server from Microsoft, and Oracle Database from the Oracle Corporation.

26
Q

Give an example of a lost update problem.

A

When two people are shopping online and they both are buying the same thing at the same time. They both order it, but they only had one.

27
Q

Enterprise DBMS

A

products process large organizational and workgroup databases.

28
Q

Personal DBMS

A

products are designed for smaller, simpler database applications.

29
Q

Logical representation of database data is called?

A

data model

30
Q

entity

A

some thing that the users want to track. Examples are Order, customer, salesperson, and item.

31
Q

describe characteristics of the entity. Examples are OrderNumber, OrderDate, SubTotal, Tax, Total

A

attributes

32
Q

Identifier

A

attribute or group of attributes whose value is associated with one and only one entity instance

33
Q

When you have a department entity and an advisor entity with a line going from the department to the advisor, what does it mean if the part of line touching the adviser is forked?

A

it’s a crow’s feet. Shows that a department may have more than one adviser.

34
Q

Suppose for Adviser’s and Student’s the relationship line was forked on both sides. What would this mean?

A

Mean’s that an adviser can be related to many students and that a student can be related to many advisers

35
Q

.Relationships like the ones on the previous question are called.

A

many-to-many relationships.

36
Q

the process of converting a poorly structured table into two or more well-structured tables.

A

Normalization.

37
Q

Data integrity problem example?

A

Some rows indicate that the name of department 100 is Accounting and Finance and some indicate that the department 100 is accounting

38
Q

What does N:M look like?

A

crows feet on both sides

39
Q

What does 1:N look like

A

Crows feet on one side

40
Q

What does 1:1 say

A

one to one

41
Q

What does 1:N say

A

One to Many

42
Q

what does N:M say

A

Many to Many

43
Q

Maximum Cardinality

A

The maximum number of

entities that can be involved in a relationship

44
Q

Minimum Cardinality

A

The minimum requirements

IS 4410 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions