Chapter 10 In Class Notes Flashcards
A network of activities, repositories, roles, resources,
and data flows that interact to accomplish a business
function
business process
collection of related tasks that receive inputs
and product outputs
Activities
collection of something
Repository
a collection of activities (e.g. job title)
Roles
people or computer applications that are
assigned to roles
Resources
movement of data from one activity to
another or from activity to repository or vise versa
Data Flow
Q1: Why Do Organizations Need to
Manage Business Processes?
May be reasons for change in business process
Process quality
Changes in technology
Changes in business fundamentals
is a function on efficiency (use of
resources) and effectiveness (accomplishing
organizational strategy)
Process Quality
Q2: What Are the Stages of Business Process Management (BPM)? 4 of them
- Model Processes
- Create Components
- Implement Processes
- Assess Results
– Start with an as-is model – Document current situation – Modifications are made to solve current business process problems What stage is this?
Model processes
– Policy, procedures, and committees in place to
continually assess business process quality (e & e)
What stage is this?
Assess Results
– Five component framework
What stage is this?
Create Components
Scope of Business Process Management
• BPM applies to all types of organizations; for-profit,
government, not-for-profit, etc.
• The greater the scope of business processes, the
more difficult BPM. (Something to consider when
determining resources for BPM)
• It is often assumed that managers automatically do
BPM as part of their job (high risk behavior)
• Standard set of terms and graphical notations for
documenting business processes
Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN)
Q3: How Can BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation) Process Diagrams
Help Identify and Solve Process
Problems?
Documenting the As-Is Business Order
Process: Existing Ordering Process
Evaluating the Impact of Business
Process Changes
Using Process Diagrams to Identify
Process Problems
• Process problems
– Operations Manager allocates inventory to orders as
processed
– Credit Manager extends customer credit for orders in
process.
– Allocations correct, if order accepted
– If rejected, allocations not freed, inventory still allocated
and credit extended for orders not processed
– Possible fix: Define an independent process for Reject
Order
How Can Business Processes Be
Improved?
• Add more resources
– Adds costs unless efficiencies of scale
• Change process structure
– Reduce work and costs
– Increase costs and increase effectiveness to offset
Q4: Which Comes First, Business
Processes or Information Systems?
• In theory:
– Better to start with business processes
– More likely to result in processes and systems that are
aligned with the organization’s strategy and direction
• In practice:
– Organizations take both approaches
• Off-the-shelf software:
– Start with business processes and select application that
works for those processes
Q5 What Are Systems Development
Activities?
See slide 27
Define System Goals and Scope. What is the process of doing this.
Go through business planning process and then define system definition and then do requirements analysis
Focus of Personnel Involved in BPM and
Systems Development
Separated into Business focus and Technology focus. One the Business side you have Business process management and on the technology side you have Database, Software, Hardware development and you have system development in the middle.
Q6: Why Are Business Processes and
Systems Development Difficult & Risky?
35
- Difficulty of determining requirements
- Changes in requirements
- Difficulties in involving scheduling and budgeting
- Changing technology
- Diseconomies of scale
Q7: What Are the Keys for Successful
Process and Systems Development
Projects? 5 of them
• Create a work-breakdown structure (WBS) – Break project into smaller tasks until each task is small enough to estimate and manage – Every task results in deliverables • Estimate time and costs • Create a project plan • Adjust the plan via trade-offs • Manage development challenges
Q8: 2022?
- Users more knowledgeable and demanding
- More agile systems using SOA and other techniques
- More Cloud-based development
- Emergence of new software vendor business models
