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IS 4410 > Chapter 4 In Class Notes (Complete) > Flashcards

Chapter 4 In Class Notes (Complete) Flashcards

1
Q

Give examples of some inputs in computers

A 
Keyboard
mouse
scanner
microphone
still camera 
video camera
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2
Q

What are 2 things that are used to process in a computer.

A

CPU

Main memory

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3
Q

List some outputs in a computer

A

Display
Printer
Speakers
Screen projector

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4
Q

Briefly explain the 3 steps in computer processing.

A

You get an input. The computer processes the input and gives you an output

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5
Q

How many bytes are in a kilobyte?

A

1,024

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6
Q

What comes after Terabyte

A

Petabyte

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7
Q

What comes after Petabyte

A

Exabyte

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8
Q

In Fewer Than 300 Words, How Does

a Computer Work? 4 steps of running a program or processing data?

A

• Running a Program or Processing Data
– CPU is the main actor
1. Computer transfers program or data from disk to main
memory
2. To execute an instruction, it moves the instruction from
main memory into the CPU via the data channel or bus
3. CPU has a small amount of very fast memory called
cache (frequently used instructions are stored the cache)
4. Large cache increases speed, but is expensive

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9
Q

Main Memory or ?

A

RAM

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10
Q

Define Memory Swapping?

A

• When RAM is too small to hold all open programs
and data
• CPU loads new program segments into free memory
• If none available, operating system swaps out existing
instructions, or data, to a disk and copies requested
program, or data, to freed space
– Swapping slows down computer

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11
Q

The more Gigahertz the?

A

faster the CPU

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12
Q

CPUs are also classified as either 32-bit or 64-bit. 64-

bit processors are

A

more expensive and more capable
(can address more memory, especially if you are
running more than 4GB of memory a.k.a. RAM).

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13
Q

What Is Difference Between a Client and

a Server? (cont’d)

A

Usually a Server has many clients. A server is something like web, email, database, or other type of server

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14
Q

Q2: What a Manager Needs to Know

About Software

A

next few questions under this.

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15
Q

Own versus License? What’s a license

A

– Right to use specified number of copies

– Limits vendor’s liability

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16
Q

What is a Site License

A

– Flat fee to install software product on all company

computers or all computers at a specific site

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17
Q

What is open source

A

no license fee

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18
Q

Types of Virtualization. 3 of them.

A

PC virtualization
Server virtualization
Virtual desktop

19
Q

– Personal computer hosts several different operating

systems

A

PC virtualization

20
Q

– Allows access from any computer a user has

authorization to use

A

Virtual Desktop

21
Q

– Server computer hosts other server computers

– Makes cloud computing feasible

A

Server virtualization

22
Q

What Types of Applications Exist, and

How Do Organizations Obtain Them? 3 types

A

Horizontal applications - obtained on the shelf
Vertical applications - on the shelf and off the shelf and then customized
One of a kind application - custom developed

23
Q

How Do Thin Clients Compare to Thick

Clients?

A

Thin clients are things like windows and desktop applications. Thick clients are things like email (outlook)

24
Q

What Is Firmware?

A

• Computer software installed on read-only memory
– Printers, print servers, communication devices
– Coded like other software
– Can be changed and upgraded

25
Q

Q3: Is Open Source Software a Viable

Alternative?

A

Yes for some people
– Successful open source projects
– OpenOffice (Microsoft Office look-alike)
– FireFox (Web browser)
– MySQL (DBMS, see Chapter 5)
– Apache (Web server, see Chapter 8)
– Ubuntu (Windows-like desktop operating sys

26
Q

Why Do Programmers Volunteer Their

Services?

A
  • It’s fun
  • Freedom to choose projects
  • Exercise creativity on interesting and fulfilling projects
  • Exhibit one’s skill to get a job
  • Start a business selling services
27
Q

Q4: How Can You Use Hardware

Knowledge?

A

• What Buying Decisions Do You Make?
• Specification of client hardware and software
• Specification of client hardware and software for
employees
– Large organizations, IS department sets formal
standards
– Medium to small organizations, managers take active
role in setting specifications

28
Q

Q4: How Can You Use Hardware

Knowledge?

A

You can go through each component
Hardware - hardware purchases and maintenance fees
Software - licenses. costs for custom software. Software maintenance and support fees and costs
Data - data conversion costs, data acquisition costs
Procedures - design, development, and documentation, procedure maintenance costs
People - initial training costs, labor costs of using system

29
Q

What Process Should You Use to

Establish a Computer Budget? 5 things

A
  1. Determine base requirements
  2. forecast requirement changes during the budget period
  3. Prepare the budget
  4. assess results
  5. document results
30
Q

Q5: 2022?

A

• Can Microsoft take Office 365 into mobile market via
its Skype acquisition?
• PC mules will be rare
• Large-screen computing/connectivity devices
available everywhere
• Use a public device and connect to cloud
• Won’t need desktop office applications
• Cost performance issues of desktop virtualization will
be gone

31
Q

brain of the computer

A

CPU

32
Q

A computer with two CPUs is called a

A

dual-processor

33
Q

Computer with 4 is called a

A

Quad-processor

34
Q

Client computers are used for

A

word processing, spreadsheets, database access, and so forth. Most client computers also have software that enables them to connect to a network.

35
Q

Servers?

A

provide some service. Some process email. Others process web sites, others process large shared databases and some provide all these functions or other, similar functions.

36
Q

An operating system that was developed at Bell Labs in the 1970s

A

Unix

37
Q

version of unix that was developed by the open source community.

A

Linux

38
Q

mobile operating system license by google

A

Android

39
Q

Popular on phones in europe and the far east, but not as much in the US

A

symbian

40
Q

Applications that process code on both the client and the server are called

A

client-server applications

41
Q

A thick-client application is an application program that?

A

must be preinstalled on the client

42
Q

a thin client application is one that runs?

A

within a browser and does not need to be preinstalled.

43
Q

What types of things would you use your knowledge when deciding on hardware on the client side.

A

CPU speed, size of main memory, size of magnetic disk, Cd or dvd type

44
Q

What types of things would you use your knowledge when deciding on software on the client side.

A

windows, mac, or linux os.

IS 4410 (14 decks)

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