Chapter 5 - Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Question 1

Organized mental structures we use to make sense of experience

Answer 1

Schemas

Question 2

Birth to 2 years of age is Piaget’s

Answer 2

Sensorimotor stage

Question 3

Understanding that objects continue to exist when out of sight

Answer 3

Object permanence

Question 4

Internal depictions of images and concepts

Answer 4

Mental representation

Question 5

Able to find items hours or days later

Answer 5

Advanced object permanence

Question 6

Able to remember and imitate after some delay

Answer 6

Deferred imitation

Question 7

Proposal that babies are born with a set of core domains of thought

Answer 7

Core knowledge perspective

Question 8

Sights and sounds are represented directly and briefly stored

Answer 8

Sensory memory register

Question 9

Attended-to information is retained briefly and “worked” on

Answer 9

Short-term memory storage

Question 10

Number of items that can be briefly held in the mind while engaging in some effort to manipulate them

Answer 10

Working memory

Question 11

Permanent knowledge base

Answer 11

Long-term memory

Question 12

Directs flow of information and coordinates incoming information. Utilizes strategies that facilitate memory storage, comprehension, reasoning and problem solving

Answer 12

Central executive

Question 13

Requires no space in working memory and can be done while focusing on other information

Answer 13

Automatic processes

Question 14

First categories are based on physical properties

Answer 14

Perceptual

Question 15

Shift to categories on common function or behavior during toddlerhood

Answer 15

Conceptual

Question 16

Complex mental activities develop through joint activity with more mature members of child’s sociey

Answer 16

Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory

Question 17

Tasks too difficult for child to do alone but possible with help of more skilled partners

Answer 17

Zone of proximal development

Question 18

Comparison with typical performance for age

Answer 18

Intelligence quotient (IQ)

Question 19

A theory of language development stating that infants are biologically prepared to learn language. That infants are born with a language acquisition device (LAD)

Answer 19

Nativist

Question 20

A theory of language development stating that infants learn language through interaction between inner capacities and environmental influences.

Answer 20

Interactionist

Question 21

Cooing

Answer 21

2 months

Question 22

Babbling

Answer 22

6 months

Question 23

Sounds common in spoken language

Answer 23

7 months

Question 24

Babbling sounds like spoken language

Answer 24

10 months

Question 25

Is it true that females obtain vocabulary faster?

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

Short sentences, high pitched and exaggerated expression

Answer 26

Infant directed speech