Chapter 5- Cell Reproduction And Growth

Question 1

What is protein synthesis?

Answer 1

The anabolic process of translating genetic code into protein.

Question 2

What is DNA?

Answer 2

Large molecules made up of many smaller molecules that are similar to one another (nucleotides); our genetic code.

Question 3

What is a nucleotide?

Answer 3

A compound formed by combining phosphoric acid, a 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose) and a nitrogen base.

Question 4

What are the 4 nitrogen bases used in DNA.

Answer 4

Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

Question 5

What ware the 4 nitrogen bases used in RNA?

Answer 5

Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Uracil

Question 6

Describe the structure of DNA

Answer 6

The sides of the “latter” are created by alternating phosphate and deoxyribose units. The “rungs” are made of pairs of nitrogen bases that alway combine with the same mate. The bases are held together with a hydrogen bond.

Question 7

What is a gene?

Answer 7

A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein.

Question 8

What is a coden?

Answer 8

A transcript (copy) that reads 3 nucleotides.

Question 9

What is mRNA and how is it made?

Answer 9

When the DNA was unzipped, the individual RNA nucleotides temporarily bonded to the nitrogen bases of the DNA. The individual RNA then bonds to each other to form single strand of nucleotides (mRNA). In turn, that is used as template to replicate the DNA.

Question 10

What is the differences between deoxyribose in DNA and the ribose in RNA?

Answer 10

Ribose has 2 oxygen and deoxyribose has one