Chapter 5: CC underlying processes + practical applications

Question 1

Rescorla-Wagner Theory

Answer 1

a given US can support only so much conditioning and that this amount of conditioning must be distributed among the various CSs that are present. + stronger stimuli (USs and CSs) support more conditioning than do weaker stimuli.

Question 2

The over-expectation effect

Answer 2

a decrease in the CR that occurs when two CSs are separately conditioned to their maximum value and then combined for further conditioning

Question 3

Stimulus-substitution theory

Answer 3

A theory of classical conditioning that proposes that the CS acts as a substitute for the US, now known as sign tracking (dog licking light)

Question 4

Preparatory-response theory

Answer 4

A theory of classical conditioning that proposes that the purpose of the CR is to prepare the organism for the presentation of the US. (saliva prepares dog for food)

Question 5

Compensatory-response model

Answer 5

A model of conditioning in which a CS that has been repeatedly associated with the primary response (a-process) to a US will eventually come to elicit a compensatory response (b-process) (heroin > BP decrease (a-process) > BP increase (b-process)) heroin cues come to elicit BP increase. happens bc body wants to maintain homeostasis

Question 6

Preparedness

Answer 6

An innate tendency to learn certain behaviours or make certain types of associations more easily than others

Question 7

What are the two classic forms of treatment for phobias?

Answer 7

Systematic desensitization and flooding

Question 8

Aversion therapy

Answer 8

A treatment procedure that reduces the attractiveness of a desired event by associating it with an aversive stimulus. used for problem behaviours ex. smoking