chapter 5 Flashcards
classical conditioning
simplest form of learning
any event or object in environment to which an organism responds
ex. sound, light, touch
Ivon Pavlov
Russian institute 1891 to 1936
studied conditional reflex in clogs
involuntary response (salivation) association with sights , sounds of feeding
unconditioned reflex
involuntary response to stimulus
eye blink to air
neural stimulus
no response when presented to unconditioned response
automatic unlearned response made to conditioned stimulus, produced unlearned response
conditional response
learned response made to conditioned stimulus
extinction
weakening of learned response
eventual disappearance of learned response
CS repeatedly presented with at CS
Spontaneous recovery
something occurs after extinction
conditioned response reappear
occurs when conditioned stimulus
generalization
classical conditioning : conditional response to stimulus similar to that of
Discrimination
conditioned response
occurs to originally conditioned stimulus
learned ability to distinguish
Watson + Little Albert
1919 fear can be classically conditioned
conditioned baby albert to fear white rat
little albert learned to fear other white and furry things
Mary Cover Jones+ Peter
watson partner
removed fear from little albert
Contemporary views
cognitive perspective Biological predisposition fear response drug use advertising sexual arousal
cognitive perspective
Does CS enable prediction of US
Biological predisposition
humans fear stimuli that can harm
survival response : taste aversion
degree to which genes prepare animals + humans to acquire or resist classically conditioned response
fear responses
fears and phobias largely result from classical conditioning
drug use
environmental cues associated with drug use can become CS
can produce CR of drug craving
need higher
drug use
environmental cues associated with drug use can become CS
can produce CR of drug craving
need higher dosages for effects cause build tolerance
cues initiating protective mechanisms not present when same doses are taken in unfamiliar places (leads to overdosing
Advertising
pair products with people and thing we like leads us to classical conditioning