Chapter 5 Flashcards
Self-concept
Person’s knowledge about themselves incl traits, social identities, and experiences.
Ego
Aspect of self that directs one’s thoughts and actions.
Social identity theory
Theory that ppl define and evaluate themselves largely in terms of social groups w which they identify.
Social role theory
Theory that gender differences in behaviour, personality, and self-definition arise because a long history of role distribution between sexes and error-prone assumptions that those roles are essential to nature.
Self-schema
Integrated set of memories, beliefs and generalizations about a personally important attribute that defines self.
Working self-concept
Set of self-aspects that are currently activated by situational cues and strongly influence thoughts, feelings, and action in the moment.
Solo status
Sense that one is unique in some specific manner to other ppl in the current environment.
Symbolic interactionism
Perspective that ppl use their understanding of how others view them as the primary basis for knowing and evaluating themselves.
Looking glass self
Idea that others reflect back to us (looking glass) who we are by how they behave towards us.
Reflected appraisals
What we think other ppl think about us.
Social comparison theory
Theory that ppl come to know themselves partly by comparing themselves w similar others.
Upward/downward comparison
Comparing yourself to others above n below you
Better than average effect
Tendency to rank oneself higher than most ppl on positive attributes.
Self-perception theory
Theory that ppl sometimes infer their attitudes and attributes by observing their behaviour and the situation in which it occurs.
Facial feedback hypothesis
Idea that changes in facial expression elicit emotions associated w those expressions
Two-factor theory of emotion
Theory that ppls emotions are the product of both their arousal level and how they interpret that arousal level based on contextual cues.
Misattribution of arousal
Inadvertent ascription of arousal resulting from one source to a different source.
Excitation transfer theory
Idea that leftover arousal caused by initial event can intensify emotional reactions to a second, unrelated event.
Self-awareness theory
Theory that aspects of self- one’s attitudes, values, and goals will be most likely to influence behaviour when attention is focused on the self.
Self-regulation
Set of processes for guiding ones thoughts, feelings, and behaviour to reach desired goals.
Self-discrepancy theory
Theory that ppl feel anxiety when they fall short of how they ought to be but feel sad when they fall short of who they want to be.
